Respiratory System
Terms
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- atelectasis
- incomplete expansion of the alveoli; may also mean collapse of a lung
- ventilation
- intake of fresh air
- sinus
- an air-filled or fluid-filled space
- trachea
- commonly called the windpipe. it extends from the neck to the chest, attaches to the larynx in teh neck and passes into the thorax through the thoracic inlet
- lob/o
- well-defined portion
- nas/o and rhin/o
- nose
- expiration
- the release of breath
- interstitial
- the area btwn the cells
- bradypnea
- abnormally slow respiratory rates
- interstitial pneumonia
- an abnormal lung condition with increased fluid btwn the alveoli and a decrease in lung function
- pyothorax
- accumulation of pus in the chest cavity
- percussion
- diagnostic procedure used to determine density in which sound is produced by tapping various body surfaces with the finger or an instrument
- stridor
- snoring, squeaking, or whistling that suggest airway narrowing
- agonal breathing
- respirations near death or extreme suffering
- epistaxis
- nosebleed
- transtracheal wash
- sterile collection of fluic or mucus from the trachea via a catheter inserted through the skin into the trachea to assess respiratory disease
- aspiration
- inhalation of a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract
- inspiration
- drawing in of breath
- pharyng/o
- pharynx
- nostrils or nares
- the paired external openings of the respiratory tract
- thorac/o and -thorax
- chest cavity or chest
- asthma
- chronic allergic disorder
- cyanosis
- abnormal condition of blue discoloration. caused by inadequate oxygen levels
- glotto/
- glottis
- tachypnea
- abnormally rapid respiratory rates
- pneum/o, pneumon/o, and pneu
- lungs or air
- tracheostomy
- surgical creation of an opening into the windpipe. usually involves insertion and placement of a tube
- hypoxia
- an inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue despite an adequate blood supply
- bubbling
- sound of popping bubbles that suggests fluid accumulation
- hypercapnia
- excessive amounts of carbon dioxide levels in blood
- anoxia
- absence of oxygen (almost complete lack of oxygen)
- UPPER respiratory tract
- the part of the respiratory system that consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, and larynx
- thoracotomy
- surgical incision into the chest wall
- pneumothorax
- abnormal accumulation of air or gas in the chest cavity almost always blunt force trauma
- dyspnea
- difficult or labored breathing
- epiglott/o
- epiglottis
- tonsils
- lymphatic tissue that protects the nasal cavity and upper throat
- hypocapnia
- a decrease in the carbon dioxide levels in the blood
- sinusitis
- inflammation of a sinus
- respiratory system
- the body system that brings oxygen from the air into the body for delivery via the blood to the cells. After that it picks up carbon dioxide and carries it back to the lungs, where it is then expelled into the air
- palat/o
- palate
- tracheal wash
- collection of fluid or mucus from the trachea via an endotracheal tube to assess respiratory disease
- pyrexia
- fever
- laryngospasm
- sudden fluttering or closure of the voice box
- epiglottis
- acts like a lid and covers the larynx during swallowing. it makes it so that food does not enter the trachea and go into the lungs
- glottis
- the vocal apparatus. Consists of vocal cords and the space btwn them
- rhinitis
- inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes
- hypopnea
- abnormally slow or shallow respirations
- tonsill/o
- tonsils
- nasopharynx
- portion of the throat posterior to the nasal cavity and above the soft palate
- lobes
- a well-defined portion of an organ
- lung
- the main organ of respiration
- sinus/o
- sinus
- tracheitis
- inflammation of the windpipe
- capn/o
- carbon dioxide
- diaphragm
- a muscle that when contracted, causes air pressure in the lungs to drop below atmospheric pressure
- crepitation
- fine or coarse interrupted crackling noises coming from collapsed or fluid-filled alveoli during inspiration. also called rales or crackles
- palate
- roof of the mouth
- laryng/o
- laryng/o
- apnea
- absense of breathing
- soft palate
- during swallowing, it moves dorsally and caudally to close off the nasopharynx to prevent food from going up into the nose
- hyperventilation
- abnormally rapid deep breathing, which results in decreased levels of cellular carbon dioxide
- rhonchi
- abnormal, continuous, musical, high-pitched whistling sounds heard during inspiration. also called wheezes
- thoracocentesis
- puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity
- cost/o
- ribs
- tracheoplasty
- surgical repair of the windpipe
- larynx
- the part of the respiratory tract located btwn the pharynx and trachea. commonly called the voice box.
- LOWER respiratory tract
- the part of the respiratory system that consists of the trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs
- mediastinum
- the region btwn the lungs
- tracheotomy
- surgical incision into the windpipe
- ox/i, ox/o, and ox/y
- oxygen
- exhalation
- the release of breath
- pharynx
- commonly called the throat. It is the common passageway for the upper respiratory and G.I. tracts
- hyperpnea
- abnormal increase in the rate and depth of respirations
- rhinorrhea
- nasal discharge
- oropharynx
- portion of the throat btwn the soft palate and epiglottis
- laryngo pharynx
- portion of the throat below the epiglottis that opens into the voice box and esophagus
- nasogastric
- a tube that passes through the nose and down to the stomach. It is placed through the ventral nasal meatus
- inhalation
- the drawing in of breath
- asphyxiation
- interruption of breathing resulting in lack of oxygen. also called suffocation