Chapter 11&12 Life Science Vocabulary
Terms
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- long-day plant
- plant that generally requires short nights- less than 10 to 12 hours of darkness to begin the flowering process
- respiration
- series of chemical reaction used to release energy stored in food molecules
- pollination
- Transfer of pollen grains to the female part of a seed plant by agents such as gravity, water, wind, animals.
- germination
- series of events that results in the growth of a plant from the seed.
- pollen grain
- Small structure produced by the male reproductive organs of a seed plant. Has a water-resistant coat, contains gametophyte parts that will produce sperm.
- auxin
- a plant hormone that causes plant leaves and stems to exhibit positive phototropisms
- photoperiodism
- a plant's response to the lenghts of darkness and light each day
- stamen
- male reproduction organ inside the flower of an angiosperm; consists of an anther, where pollen grains form, and a filament
- stomata
- small openings in tthe surface of most plant leaves that allow carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen to enter and exit
- tropism
- positive or negative plant response to an external stimulus such as touch, light or gravity
- short day plant
- plant that generally requires long nights- 12 or more hours of darkness to begin the flowering process
- day-neutral plant
- plant that doesn't require a specific photoperiod and can begin the flowering process overa range of night lengths
- prothallus
- small, green, heart-shaped gametophyte plant form of a fern that can made its own food and absorb water and nutrients from the soil
- sporophyte stage
- plant life cycle stage that begins when an egg is fertilized by sperm
- ovary
- female repoductive organ that produces eggs and is located in the bottom part of the body
- photosynthesis
- a food making process by which plants and many other producers use light energy to produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water
- gametophyte stage
- plant life cycle stage that begins when cells in the reproductive organs undergo meiosis and produce haploid cells (spores)
- frond
- leaf of a fern that grows from the rhizome
- spore
- waterproof reproductive system of a fungus
- ovule
- In gymnosperms, the female reproductive part that produces eggs and food-storage tissues
- rhizome
- the underground stem of a fern
- sori
- fern structures in which spores are produced
- pistil
- female reproductive organ inside the flower of an angiosperm; consists of an ovary and a sticky stigma, where pollen grains land
- chlorophyll
- green light trapping pigment in plant chloroplasts that is important to photosynthesis