N16 Final
Terms
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- All men ____ to ____ must protect themselves against cancer of the testicles.
-
15
34 -
Testicular Exam:
_______ per month, after a warm ______ or ______.
Roll each testicle between ______ and _____ feeling for hard ______ or bumps -
One time
bath
shower
thumb
finger
lumps -
BSE:
Visual inspection - look for changes in ______, color, and texture of the skin and _______ or evidence of ________ from the nipple. -
contour
nipple
discharge - When doing a BSE make sure and put a _______ or _______ under the shoulder of the breast to be examined. Also make sure and _____ the fingers over the breast.
-
pillow
towel
slide - What are the seven P'sfor a complete BSE?
-
Positions
Perimeter
Palpation
Pressure
Pattern
Practice with feedback
Plan of action - Most breast lesions in women are found in the ______ _______ quadrant. This area contains more breast _______ than the other quadrants.
-
upper
outer
tissue - ________ is base right, 2nd intercostal space. ________ is base left, 2nd intercostal space.
-
Aortic
Pulmonic - ______ is the 5th LICS/MCL. ________ is the L lateral sternal border, 4th ICS. ____ ______ is the L base, 3rd ICS.
-
Mitral
Tricuspid
Erbs Point - The first heart sound, S1, is formed by the closing of which valves?
-
Mitral (M1)- Closes first
Tricuspid (T1) - The second heart sound, S2, is formed by the closing of which valves?
-
Aortic (A2) - Closes first
Pulmonic (P2) - The _______ ___ ______ _____ is the pulsation felt at the apex. Originates from ventricular contraction.
- Point of maximal impulse
- ________ are palpable vibrations created by turbulent blood flow.
- Thrills
- _______ are low-pitched sounds created by turbulent vasculature flow.
- Bruits
- A high-pitched, scratchy, leathery sound that is generated when the inflamed parietal and visceral pericardial layers rub together is a ________ _______ ______.
- pericardial friction rub
- Sinus arrhythmia is considered a _______ variant. The rhythm ______ with respiratory cycle. _______ at peak of respiration, and ______ with expiration
-
normal
varies
increases
decreases - Onset of S1 to the onset of S2 is ________. Onset of S2 to the onset of S1 is _________.
-
systole
diastole - ________ is impaired swallowing. ________ is the absence or impairment of ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs.
-
Dysphagia
Aphasia - The presence of rhythmic involuntary contractions, most often at the foot and ankle is _________.
- clonus
- In decorticate posturing the arms are ________ and in decerebrate the arms are ________.
-
flexed
extended - __________ is the ability to recognize the form of solid objects by touch. ________ is the ability to recognize numbers/letters written on skin.
-
Stereognosis
Graphesthesia - What are the 3 categories of the Glasgow Coma Scale?
-
Best eye response
Best motor response
Best verbal response - __________ is an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. It is usually detectable when 500ml of fluid has accumulated.
- Ascites
- A _______ is the protrusion of an anatomical structure through the wall that normally contains it.
- hernia
- _________ are also known as lineas albicantes or stretch marks.
- Striae
- _________ is a progressive wave-like movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, esp. the alimentary canal.
- Peristalsis
- Costal vertebral angle tenderness is used to assess the _______ for tenderness.
- kidneys
- A vascular lesion is _____ to ______ in color. They may be caused by an extravasation of ______ into the skin tissue.
-
red
purple
blood - Name five primary lesions
-
Macule
Papule
Pustule
Wheal
Vesicle - Name five secondary lesions
-
Fissure
Keloid
Ulcer
Excoriation
Hematoma - Name 3 vascular lesions
-
Ecchymosis
Petechiae
Spider angioma - A _______ is a flat spot on the skin whose color may be lighter or darker than the surrounding skin. (ex. ________, _______)
-
macule
freckles
vitiligo - A _______ is a small bump or pimple, typically larger than a grain of salt, but smaller than a peppercorn, that rises above the surface of neighbor skin.
- papule
- A _______ is a blister or a circumscribed elevation on the skin.
- wheal
- A ________ is a small, blister-like elevation on the skin containing serous fluid.
- vesicle
- A _______ is a small elevated skin lesion filled with WBC and sometimes bacteria or the products of broken-down cells.
- pustule
- A _________ is an ulcer or cracklike sore
- fissure
- A ______ is an an exuberant scar that forms on the site of an injury and spreads beyond the borders of the original lesion.
- Keloid
- An _______ is a lesion of the skin or mucous membrane marked by inflammation and sloughing of damaged tissues.
- ulcer
- An abrasion of the skin or of the surface of other organs by scratching, traumatic injury, etc. is an __________
- excoriation
- A _______ is a swelling comprising of a mass of extravasated blood.
- hematoma
- A _______ _______ is a circumscribed vascular tumor of the skin, usually congenital. (blanches)
- spider angioma
- Small, purplish, hemorrhagic spots on the skin that do not blanch are ________
- petechiae
- __________ is a bruise, that is superficial bleeding under the skin or a musous membrane that does not blanch.
- Ecchymosis
- ________ is when hemoglobin becomes unsaturated with oxygen and the skin turns a bluish color.
- Cyanosis
- Standard recommendations for peiodicity of prevention exams are made by various organizations and the ____________________________
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
- Name some critical indicators of heart disease risk in children
-
High rates of insulin resistance
Elevated triglycerides
Low HDL levels
Increased BP -
Total cholesterol = _________
LDL = _________
HDL = _________
Total chol/HDL ratio = ______
LDL/HDL ratio = _____ -
<200
<130
>60
<4.5
<3.0 - What is the criteria for the "missed group".
- Cholesterol levels normal or slightly elevated AND HDL's below 40 AND triglyceride levels >150
- What is the acceptable range for BMI?
- >19 to <25
- Name the ABCD's of skin cancer
-
Asymmetry
Borders
Color
Diameter