ap review sheet fianal
Terms
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- list chracteristics of life
- drama cher glcr m(3)
- digestion-
- catabolic reaction
- reprodution-
- sexual, asexual, a=not without
- absorption-
- movement from digestive tract to circulatory system
- movement-
- gross, microscopic, trophisms, cyclosis
- assimilation-
- synthiesis of food )nutrients)
- circulation
- ''
- homeostasis
- goover negative feedback responses
- excretion
- ridding the body of metabolic wastes
- respiration
- cellualr resperation-produces atp- go over
- growth-
- mst include synthesis
- life spaon-
- conception, growth , maturity, delcine, death
- cells-
- nuclues, cytoplasm, semipermeable membrane
- reponsiveness
- irritablity- the ability to respond to a stimulus
- metabolism-
- anabolism, catabolis go over
- envio. needs for organisms:
- water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
- food-
- ant. substance that provides nutriends...pica
- oxygen
- needed to release energy stored in foods
- heat
- helps regulate metabolic reations
- pressure
- atmospheric pressure for breathing, hydrostatic pressure for blood flow
- list sys.
- is men clud rr
- integumentary-
- protects tissue, reg. body temp
- skeletal
- framework, produce blood cells, stores in. salt
- muscular
- movement, body heat, posture
- nervous
- sensory, detects change
- endoctrine-
- metabolic activities
- cardiovascualr
- movement of blood, sub. transport
- lymphatic
- defends agains infection
- digestive
- recieve, break down , absorb food
- repiratory
- air, gases intake and output
- uriniary
- water and electrolyte balance trnasport urine, remove waste
- reproducive
- duh
- chemical reactions: synthesis
- two or more atoms chemically combined to form a different and more complex substance a+b=ab
- decompostion
-
the breakdown of a complex molecule into its simpler
parts ab=a+b - exchange
- rearrangement, atoms exchange postions ab+cd=ac+bd
- reversible
- look up
- ionic bonds are created by what? 5 char.
- atoms gainig or loosing electront; weak, assoc. with non-living, atoms are attracted equally and oppositely; micromolecular; occur between metals and non metals
- covalent bonds 4 chars.
- crated by atoms sharing electrons; stron; ass. wiht living; macromolcular; occir between nonmetals
- ph scale:
- 1-14; 0-7 acicitic, 7 neutral, 7-14 base; hydrogen is measured on ph scale and each increments worth 10
- what are the 4 organic compounds and building block?
- proteins-amnino acids; carbs-monosaccharides; lipids-fatty acids and glyceral; nucleic acids- neucleotides
- hydrolisis
- break down of nutrients by using enzymes to break the bone and water t rebuild the original building block
- dehydration synthesis
- the process by which all organic compounds are joined together. this happends when a water mole. is remove between 2 amino acids
- isotonic:
- any solution that has the same osmotic pressure as body fluid
- hypertonic:
- slutions that have a higher osmotic pressure that body fluids
- hypotonic:
- cells put a solution that has a lower osmotic pressure tha body fluids , swell
- diffusion
- atoms and molecules and ions ina liquid or air solution to mov efrom areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration, concentration gradiend
- osmosis
- higher to lower, concntration gradient and smipermeable membrand and only water
- filtration
- toward lesser, hydrostatic pressure
- facilitated diffusion
- toward lesser, carrier molecule and concentration gradient
- active transport-
- energy, toward grater , carrier molecule
- passive/physical
- no energy, diffusion, osmosis, filtration, facilitated diff
- acitve/physiological
- acitve, pahy pino exo
- interphase
- dna replicates
- prophase
- chromatids; centrioles rep. and move to opp. poles; nuclear mem. begins to break down; nucleoli diss
- metaphase
- chromatids line up on equator; chromatids attach to a spindle fiber with there centromere
- anaphase
- centomeres break; a complete set of chromosomes move to opp. poles; cytokinesis begins here
- telophase
- chromatin reforms; nuclear membrane reforms; nucleoli reappear; cleavage furrow forms; cytokenisis in complete
- list cell parts
- clr men gccm
- cell membrane-
- maintaines shape, semi permeable, reg. passageof sub.
- cytoplasm
- non living filler that establishes envi. needes for life
- endopalsmic reticulum
- double mem.
- ribosomes
- protien factorie
- golgi apparatus
- secretory organelle
- mitochondriaon
- powerhouse
- lysosomes
- digestive enzymes, phagocytize
- centrosome
- no membrane, house centrioles
- nucleus
- brain of cell
- microtrabecular sys
- micro fialments, micro tubulrs
- enzymes:
- protein, powerful, used in small amounts, not destroyed or used in reaction, speed up reaction by reducing the amount of energy needed, supstrate specific; ase ending
- dna contains:
- adenine, dytocine, guanine, thiynice
- rna contains
- adenine dytocine gyanine uracil
-
match the dna with an rna:
atcctg - uaggac
- cellular respiration:
- go over diagram
- glycolosis:
- cytoplasm, anaerobic, 1 atp
- citric acid cycle
- mitochondria aerobic 2 atp
- electron trasport
- mito. aerobic 34
- 4 types of tissue
- epithlieal, connectiv,mucsle nerve
- epi
- free surface, avas, arranged by shape, arrangemetn and function
- connective
- produce blood cells, binds, stores fat, aids in repair, against infection, fills spaces, framework, support and protect; vascuclar, matrix
- mucsle
- ex, ex, co, el;
- nerve
- brain spinal cord, all nerves, most complex
- mucsle-skeletal
- strated, multinucleated, attacthed to bone, motor movements, voluntary, rythmyc con.
- smooth
- non striated, uninucleated, walls of hollow organs, move sub. throutuh hollow organs, peristaliss involuntarty
- cardiac
- bifurcated, uninucleated, striated, intercalated discs, pup blood , walls of heart, unvoluntarty
- radiation
- when heat moves into a cooler einvironment
- conduction
- when heat moves into a cooler objects tn
- evaporation
- when you form sweat and takes heat along with it
- integumentary
- go over!
- joints
- ch 7 flash cards!
- what is the microscopic anantomy of bone
- polloc o