Biology Chp 5&6 Vocab
Terms
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- facilitated diffusion
- diffusion of materials across a cell membrane assisted by carrier molecules or protiens.
- Phagocytosis
- extensions of the cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles
- Active Transport
- an energy-requiring process that enables material to move across a cell membrane again a concentration difference.
- Passive Transport
- process in which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration on their own using no energy
- Endocytosis
- the process of taking material into the cell by means on infoldings, or pockets, ove the cell membrane.
- Exocytosis
- The membrane surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell.
- Organ
- group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
- Organ system
- group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
- Pinocytosis
- the process of ting pockets froming along the cell membrane, filling with liquid, and piching off to form vacuoles within the cell.
- Tissue
- a group of similiar cells that perform a particular function.
- adenosine triosphate ATP
- a compound that stores energy in three phosphate bonds
- Photosynthesis
- The process by which plants use the energy of sunlight to produce carbohydrates
- Formula for Photosynthesis
- carbon dioxide + water--light--> carbohydrate/glucose + Oxygen
- autotrophs
- green plants that use the sun to directly obtain energy
- heterotrophs
- Organisms that cannot use the sun's energy directly
- pigments
- colored substances that absorb or reflect light.
- Chlorophyll
- the green pigment the enables plants to carry on photosynthesis. Red and blue are the colors of the visible spectrum that are absorbed by It
- Glycolysis
- the first step in cellular respiration
- Aerobic process
- a process that requires oxygen
- lactic acid
- fermentation produces ATP in your muscle cells during rapid exercise when they cannot get enough oxygen
- Fermentation
- process that enables cells to carry out energy production in the absence of oxygen; breakdown of glucose and release of energy in which organic substances are the final electron acceptors
- alcoholic fermenation
- carried out by yeast cells and is of particuluar importance to brewers and bakers
- Osmosis
- the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane
- Diffusion
- the process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of high concentration of that substance to areas of lower concentration.
- Van Leeunwenhoek
- 1600's developed microscope... looked at organisms in pond water
- Robert Hook
- 1600's saw cell walls of dead cork cells and called them cells
- Schlieden and Schwann
- 1800's proposed the cell theory
- Cell theory
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1.All living things are composed of cells
2.cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
3.All cells come from pre-existing cells