Chapter 1- Intro. to human Anat. and Physiology
Terms
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- Anatomy
- deals with structure
- Physiology
- deals with function
- Metabolism
- sum total of reactions occurring within organism
- movement
- change in position of organism or body part; motion of internal organ
- responsiveness
- reaction to change taking place inside or outside the body
- growth
- increase in body size w/o change in shape
- respiration
- obtaining oxygen and using it to release energy from foods; removal of carbon
- digesion
- breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
- absorption
- passage of substances through membranes into body fluids
- circulation
- movement of substances from place to place in body fluids
- assimilation
- changing of absorbed susbstances into chemically different forms
- excretion
- removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions
- homeostasis
- maintenance of relatively stable internal environment
- homeostatic mechanisms
- self-regulating activities that maintain environment within narrow ranges
- axial body cavity
- head, neck, trunk
- appendicular
- limbs
- dorsal cavity
- subdivided into cranial cavity (contains brain) and vertbral cavity (contains spinal cord)
- ventral cavity
- subdivided into thoracic cavity (contains heart, lungs) and abdominopelvic cavity (contains stomach, intestines, liver, urinary bladder, etc.)
- viscera
- contents of body cavities
- parietal membrane
- attached to the wall of cavity
- visceral membrane
- attached to organ w/in cavity
- pleura membrane
- assoc. w/ the lungs
- pericardium membrane
- assoc. w/ the adbdominopelvic cavity