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Biology Vocabulary Vertebrate Section

Terms

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Scales
Dry Flake of Epidermis shed from the skin
Integumentary System
bodily system consisting of skin and associated structures. (hair, nails, sweat glands)
Cartilage
tought, elastic, fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as joints, outer ear and larynx.
Swim Bladder
Air filled structure in fish that maintain buoyancy and determine the level at which the fish swims at
Lateral Line System
Line on top of the fish to detect vibrations, odors, electricity, and chemicals in the water
Exothermic & Ectothermic
Exothermic-warm blooded
Ectothermic-cold blooded
Gill
Respitroy organ of aquatic animals that breathe water to obtain oxygen
Spawning
To deposit eggs, produce spawn
Artery
carry blood from the heart
Vein
carry blood to the heart
Atrium
body cavity or chamber on upper heart chambers that receives blood from veins
Ventricle
small cavity recieves blood from arteries and veinsand forces it into aorta
dorsal fin
main fin located on back of fish
caudal fin
tail fin
pectoral fin
anterior pair of fins attached to pectoral girdle
anal fin
last fin, close to caudal find, underside of body
barbels
sleder, whiskerlike organs extending from head of certain fishes
pelvic fin
either of a pair of lateral hind fins of fishes, attached to pelvic girdle and corresponding to hind limbs of higher vertbrates
chromatophores
pigment containing cell, that can change the color of skin by expanding and contracting.
cerebrum
large round structure of the brain that controls and intergrates thought, reason, emotion, and memory
cerebrellum
trilobed stucture of brain, behind pons and medulla oblongata
optic lobes
either of 2 lobes of dorsal part of midbrain, containing primary visual centers
medulla oblongata
lowermost portion of vertebrate brain, continuous with spinal cord, responsible for respiration, circulation, and bodily functions
cutaneous respiration
a way of breahing through the skin
lungs
2 spongy, sac-like repsitory organs in most vertebrates, removes CO2 from blood, and provides it with oxygen
cloaca
common cavity into which intestinal, genital, and urinary tracts open.
tympanic membrane
thin, semitransparent, oval shpaed membrane that separates middle ear from external ear
metamorphosis
change in form and habits of animals during normal development after embryonic stage
vocal cords
2 pairs of bands of mucous membrane
nicitating membrane
transparent inner eyelid
tadpole
limbless aquatic larva
amniote egg
waterproof egg
amnion
thing tough membranous sac
chorion
outer membrane enclosing embryo in reptiles bird and mammals
yolk
yellow, spherical portion of egg
alantois
membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of alimentary canal in embryos
egg tooth
hard toothlike projection of the beak
jacobsons organ
extra sensitive organ that can detect chemicals in the air
carapace
protective shell like covering on turtle/crustacean
plastron
ventral part of shell of turtle/tortoise
feather
light flat growth forming plumage of birds
air sacs
air filled space in the body of birds that connects lungs and bone cavities
crop
pouchlike enlargement of birds gullett, holding food
endothermic
organism that generates heat to maintain body temperature
sternum
long flat bone in vertebrates
incubate
sit on(eggs) to provide heat
precocial
capable of moving about when hatched, does not need much care of mother
altricial
helpless, naked and blind when hatched, needs weeks of care from mother
gizzard
digestive organ after the stomach
hair
growth of filaments, forming coat of animal
diaphragm
membranous part that divides and separates
incisors
tooth for cutting/gnawing-in front of mouth
bicuspid
tooth with 2 cusps/points
molars
tooth with broad crown to grind food
canine teeth
any of 4 teeth with thick conical crown and root
mammary glands
milk producing gland in females
glands
organ that secretes a substance
placenta
part within ovary of plant to which ovules attach
gestation
period of development in uterus from conception till birth
marsupial
nonplacental mammals of the order marsupialia
monotreme
member of monotremata, primitive egg laying mammals

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