Treatment of Psychological Disorders
Terms
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- Deinstitutionalization
- Over-crowded mental hospitals removed patients who were not considered a threat when better drugs were created
- Meta-analysis
- Systematic statistical method for synthesizing the results of numerous research studies dealing with the same variables
- Free Association
- Having a patient say whatever comes to mind
- Manifest content
- Surface meaning of recalled dream
- Latent content
- Underlying meaning of a dream
- Resistance
- Blocking of anxiety-provoking feelings and experiences
- Transference
- Responding to an analyst as though a significant person in client’s life
- Psychodynamic psychotherapy
- Shorter, less frequent, talking with therapist
- Interpersonal Psychotherapy
- Aims for people to gain insight into the causes of their problems
- Unconditional positive regard
- Providing an atmosphere of acceptance
- Nondirective Psychotherapy
- Encouraging client to take the lead in determining the direction of therapy
- Active Listening
- Involves echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what the client says and does
- Gestalt Therapy
- Goal is to push clients to decide whether to allow past conflicts to control their future or to right now take control
- Behavior Therapy
- Goal is to stop unwanted behavior and replace it with more adaptive behavior
- Systematic Desensitization
- Behavior therapy founded on the idea that an anxiety response is inhibited by an incompatible relaxation response
- Anxiety Hierarchy
- Listing fears from anxiety from least feared, to greatest
- Flooding
- Stopping the conditioned response to help phobias and anxiety disorders
- Behavior Modification
- Client selects a goal and receives a small reward until the intended goal is finally reached
- Social skills training
- Behavior therapy used to improve interpersonal skills by using modeling, behavioral rehearsal and shaping
- Biofeedback
- Behavioral therapy that involves giving the individual immediate info about the degree to which he/she is able to change anxiety-related responses
- Rational Emotive Therapy
- RET)Idea that anxiety, guilt, depression, and other psychological problems result from self-defeating thoughts
- Cognitive restructuring
- Turning faulty and disordered thoughts into more realistic thoughts
- Cognitive Triad
- Looking at what a person thinks about themselves, their world and their future
- Psychopharmacotherapy
- Use of psychotrophic drugs to treat mental illness
- Anxiolytics
- (tranquilizers)Increase the availability of GABA to reduce psychological arousal
- Antidepressants
- Elevate mood by making the neurotransmitters serotonin more available at the synapse to stimulate postsynaptic neurons
- Stimulants
- (Psychoactive drugs) Activate motivational centers and reduce activity in inhibitory centers of the central nervous system by increasing activity of dopamine, etc
- Neuroleptics
- Powerful medicines that reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, etc. Block dopamine receptors
- Tardive Dyskinesia
- Problems with walking, drooling, and muscle spasms. Side effect of Neuroleptics
- Electro Shock Treatment
- (ECT) Last resort to treat severely depressed patients, usually are restored to healthy mental functioning Reason Unknown
- Psychosurgery
- Removal of brain tissue; last resort and irreversible
- Prefrontal Lobotomy
- Cutting the main neural tracts connecting lower brain regions to the frontal lobes to reduce intensity of their emotional responses