bio lecture 27
Terms
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- Most scientists do not believe that the theory of _________ is wrong, because of the vast substantiating evidence that has been collected over the past 150 years.
- evolution
- Without a good understanding of ________, it is not possible to become an educated student in biology.
- evolution
- The mental capacity of __________ seem to be equivalent to that of a 5-year-old human child.
- orangutans
- Because Koko (a lowland gorilla) can use______________ to communicate her feelings, thoughts, and desires, we now have unequivocal evidence of the biological continuum between humans and the great apes.
- American Sign Language
- Evidence have established that approximately _________ years ago, the great apes split into two branches.
- 14 million
- ___________ are our closest relatives, and our ancestors have evolved separately to give rise to our present forms.
- Chimpanzees
- Chimpanzee and early human societies were male-dominated, which is also called a _______ society.
- patrilocal
- One of Jane Goodall’s first discoveries was that chimpanzees can fashion sticks to fish termites out from a termite nest. This observation shook the scientific world, because at that time, it was universally accepted that ______ use was a unique human
- tool
- In a series of experiments involving the creation of a scale model of a life-sized room, it has been shown that chimpanzees can demonstrate ________ understanding.
- conceptual
- Chimpanzee and human societies use __________ to achieve a single objective, such as hunting for monkeys.
- cooperation
- It is estimated that at about 120,000 years ago, the entire population of Homo sapiens had decreased to less than 10,000 individuals which would have led to a decrease in genetic variation. This phenomenon is known as a genetic ________.
- bottleneck
- Research by Allan Wilson and his co-workers concluded that all human mitochondrial DNA can be traced back to one woman, the Mitochondrial Eve, who had lived in Africa about ________ to _________ years ago.
- 120,000 to 150,000
- The mitochondria DNA in each individual comes only from the ________.
- mother
- When you compare the genomes of any two persons from any part of the world, their DNA sequences are _____% identical.
- 99.9
- One hypothesis to account for the disappearance of Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis is known as the ___________ model, which states that modern humans contributed to the extinction of local species by out-competing them.
- Replacement or Out-of-Africa