world religions quiz
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- "unam sanctam"
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1302 boniface VIII
content: schism
-it is necessary for salvation to be subject to the pope.
-affirmation of e.e.n.s. + the pope is the visible head of the church
-strict interp of e.e.n.s.
-metaphor: noah's ark - decree for the Jacobites
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1442- Council of Florence
heretics and schismatics, jews and pagans, are personally culpable for their separation
-interp from 300's-1442 - The Dominicans of Salamanca
- -Thomas Aquinas: explicit faith in Christ of at least a desire for baptism for salvation
- de Vitoria, O.P.
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1493-1546
-people in the new world are condemned not for their unbelief but for their personal sins
-illumination - 1539
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deVitoria makes a speach to the conquistadors about their treatment of the natives.
-must proclaim the Gospel with persuasive demonstration - M. Cano, O.P.
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1505-1560
1547: those living in the new world were living before Christ- same rules about those living before Christ apply - persuasive demonstration
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reasons to believe
"signs"
-explicit faith in christ was still needed. implict faith only provided justification, not sanctification - D. Soto, O.P.
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1524-1560
1549: rejects Cano's division of justification and salvation
-implicit faith in Chirst was sufficient - John Calvin
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1509-1564
-as a sign of the people in the new world's predestination to hell, god left them without the means to salvation
-further sign: when they hear the word of God, they reject it - Pigge
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1542
Hebrews 11:6
-having faith that God exists and rewards those who seek him
-does that mean faith in other religions can be good? - Council of Trent
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1542-1565
-counter-reformation
-no mention of e.e.n.s.
-"faith is necessary for salvation" (does not mention whether explicit or implicit)
-desire for baptism is necessary (does not mention explicit or implicit) -
votum baptismae
votum ecclesiae - anyone working on the problem of the salvation of the people in the new world will have to take into account the council's decrees on faith and baptism
- Collegio Romano
- Jesuit boot camp to prepare them to do battle with Protestants
- J. deLugo, S.J.
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1583-1660
-instructor at the Collegio Romano
-taught that implicit faith was enough for salvation
-"If their unbelief is inculpable, then they can still have supernatural faith."
(they do what is in their power-->implicit faith-->god grants grace) - rigorism
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idea that if you don't go through the church motions, you cannot be saved
-strict interp of e.e.n.s.
-Jansenism & rigorism are condemned for being too strict
-Cano, Soto, Pigge, deLugo are too loose interpretations - 1773
- suppression of Jesuits
- Jansenism
- believe in rigorism, their beliefs call into question God's justice
- Rousseau
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1712-1778
-presses the point of God's justice
-common opinion at the time was that rigorism was the path to salvation - M. Legrand
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response to Rousseau
-basically agreed with rigorism - 1814
- Jesuits reinstated
- 1824
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Collegio Romano restored
Perrone = leading theologian
-advocates "invisible ignorance"
-by the mid-1800's, invisible ignorance was widely accepted - Pius IX
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1854- Singulari Quadam: e.e.n.s. with invisible ignorance clause
1863- Quanto Conficiamur Moerore: more e.e.n.s. with i.i. clause
-e.e.n.s. refering to those culpably outside the church
-rigorism and laxity condemned - Vatican II
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1962-1965
"heils optimismus": salvation optimism - Lumen Gentium
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1964
The Church is the unique way to salvation. Faith and baptism are necessary for salvation. Whoever knows this and does not enter or remain cannot be saved. - Visible elements of believing according to Lumen Gentium
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1. profession of faith
2. sacraments
3. ecclesiastic government & communion
4. persevere in charity - Ad Gentes
- the mission of the Gentiles
- Nostra Aetate
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1965
new attitude towards the possibility of salvation outside the visible boundaries of the Church - Theology of Religions
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granted that a non-Christian can be saved, what is the role of their religion in their salvation?
* to promote unity
order: Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and theists