Sociology of The Family test 2
Terms
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- intermarriage rate
- refers to the % of marriages that are mixed relative to all marriages involving individuals in a specific category
- blue collar work
- production, craft, repair, machine opporating; no college education nedded; moslty wage work
- contingent worker
- temporary or part-time worker; growing use- no benefits, less security
- three kinds of marital commitment
- personal( want to stay, rewarding), structural ( no other alernatives), moral
- matricentric female-headed
- most predominent; least stable; female-headed and pov are highly related
- inermarriage rate (individuals)
- % of marriages indiviauals in a specific category who enter into a mixed marrage
- three kinds of AA families
- matricentric female-headed, middleclass two-parent, patriarchal affluent
- cultural resource theory
- the comparitive resources of both husband and wife and the cultural contextin which the interactions occur
- social theory
- socialization and social control factors involved in sex behavior
- hypogamy
- female marries into lower class
- what are the five social transitions of AA
- africa to the us, slavery to emancipation, rural/southern to urban/northern, neg to pos social status. neg to pos self image
- what percent of those affected by AIDS are male in US
- 82%
- where is poverty the highest
- inner cities
- three factors of transition for AA
- color, cultural discontinuity, slavery
- what are 5 reasons nat. policy tends to overlook Hispanics
- 1. mispercieved ID(immigrants) 2. no attention to the working poor 3. geographic concentration (local not national efforts) 4. political participation (none) 5. differences among subgroups
- what 4 factors have regulated sexual behavior
- family, religion, education, workplace
- what are three ways to identify social class
- subjective study, reputational method, objevtive method
- cultural scenarios
- instructional guides that exist at the level of collective life
- assortive mating
- the fact that ppl choose ppl like themselves
- value theory
- interpersonal attraction is facilitated when ppl share same values
- what is median age of Asian Amers
- 33.7
- exogamy
- describes marriages and relationships w/ ppl outside ones sociocultural group
- social stratification
- the ranking of persons and groups in a social hierarchy of social positions; based on wealth, values, gender and race
- summer of love
- ppl using sex as way to rebel; political protest;
- four characteristics of social class
- 1. economically based; income, ownership of wealth, occupation 2. social relationship 3. fluidity; can move thru ranks 4. positions are in part, achieved; some personal effot, for most part one s born into
- mesalliance
- marriage with someone in lower class
- what are 3 structures of social mobility
- opportunity structure (jobs/education), individual factors(motivation, value system, motor skills), frictional factors(luck/chance)
- status attainment
- lookat the male's acheivement in his adult life-- our parents' achievement is key to our own
- 3 types of Mex Amers
- legal immigrants, braceros= working temps, illegal aliens
- biological theory
- focuses on the innate, genetic, hormonal, and psych factors involved in human sexuality
- interpersonal scripts
- transform a person trained in cultural scenarios and general social roles to context-specific behavior
- objective method
- asking specific questions and categories, profession income education assests
- racial group
- socially defined group distinguished by selected, inherited physical characteristics
- hypergamy
- female marries into higher class
- reservation
- areas established by treaty, statute or court order
- sexual script theory
- explains sexual content: what we perceive to be sexual and how we construct our ideas thoughts, and fantasies
- familism
- involves a spatial dimension of living near nuclear and extended famliy members, includes an expressed identification with the interests and welfare of the family unit, means behaving in ways that incorperate an attatchment and affinity with the family
- choice theory
- sexual desicion making and how individuals choose what to do
- resource theory
- the more partners control resources to themselves and their mates, the greater the relative power
- what do most middle class ppl spend money on
- homes- forfeiting cars, food, health insurance, child care
- occupational prestige scale
- how occupations are ranked and looked at
- informal economy
- money earned that is not reported for income taxes
- median age of NA
- 27.8
- what is the most distinctive characteristic of Mex Amers
- large family size= high fertility rates
- homogamy
- denotes likenesses among marital or relationship partners and tends to be used when discussing patterns of individual free choice in partners in autonomous partner selection system
- why is the poor poor
- 1. culture of poverty- deficient makeup of fam=poor values, lack of 2-parents(welfare), lazness to work 2. structural model- (more accepted) changes in economy have created pov, pov then determines makeup of fam
- what are the factors that foster intermarriages
- group size, heterogenety, sex ratio, group controls, cultural similarities, romatic love complex, psychological factors
- black and white marriages
- 73% are men to white women
- how many marriages are interracial
- 2.6%, .6% are blackand white
- subjective study
- asking subject to identify selves in class, poor bc most ppl see selves as mddle
- selection effects
- when ppl cohabit they are more likely to divorce
- principle of least interest
- the person who is less intersted in the relationship has the most power
- reputational method
- group of ppl know each other, idetify each others class
- three stages of sequential theory
- stimulus, value comparison, role
- propiquity
- physical nearness; you can only mate with someone you have access to
- reference group theory
- individuals continuously form and re-form their self-concepts and corresponding behavioral expectations on the reactions they receive from a subset of others in their network and realtionships
- poverty index
- based soley on money and income, not noncash assistance
- where is the largest pop of HIspanics in the Us
- LA= 4.7 mill
- tribal-designated statistical areas
- no specifc land base, where census data is tabulated
- who is Ryan White
- 17 yr old bouy who had blood transfuison and contracted AIDS
- mating gradient
- women seek mates of higher or equal status and men seek women of lower or equal
- Four characteristics of middle class
- 1. more geo mobility=moving away from kin(better jobs) 2. rely on freindship over kin relationships 3. replace kin with other solutions for economic support(bank loans) 4. invest resources lineally; money to go to children and parents when old
- trust lands
- associated w/ particular tribe, located outside reservations and held by fed gov
- ethnic group
- distinguised by a sense of peoplhood based oc common national origin, religion, or language
- sequential theory
- views the movement toward marriage or cohabitiaiton as a series of changing criteria stages or pattered regularites
- fictive kin
- the process of giving someone a kinship title and treating them in many ways as if they had the actual kinship relationship
- what happened with the shift from manufacturing/ industry to service
- 50% of black men lost jobs
- endogamy
- describes marriages and relationships btwn individuals who belong o same sociocultural group
- 2parent, middle class family
- 46% of AA fams; stable and achieving; higher education; father plays more dominant role
- sex revolution
- did not begin until the 60s; more of an evolution starting in 20s
- intrapsychic scripting
- result of cultural scenarios and iterpersonal scripts, a internal dialogue, a personal self tat is in reality a social self
- Patriarchal affluent
- 2 parent; high income; college education; separate selves from rest of AA community
- what is the median age of hispanics
- 27.6= muchhh lower than Amers
- social network theory
- sexual dyad that is embedded w/in larger networks of social relationships
- equal craft opportunity act
- It stipulated that lenders could no longer ignore a wife's income when judging whether a family had enough to qualify for a mortgage
- What two theories are relevant to understanding the social class
- structural/functional; believes that socety has many tasks that need to be performed and diff ppl have to carry them out.. and conflict; stratified society leads to dissatisfaction, alienation and exploitation.. karl marx