Art History Midterm
Terms
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- Naturalism
- Focus on naturalistic observation of the human body or world (Akhenaten)
- Idealism
- Mental conception of beauty or form is stressed according to the standard of perfection (Doryphoros)
- Relief
- Projections from a flat surface; high, low, or sunken (Marshalls and Young Women)
- Scriptorium
- The writing studio of a monastery (Matthew the Evangelist
- Hieratic Scale
- Artistic convention that greater size indicates greater importance (Temple of RamsesII statues)
- Ka
- In ancient Egypt, the immortal human life force (Step Pyramid of Djoser)
- Typical Egyptian Pose
- Rigid/boxlike with one leg usually forward (Mankaure and his wife)
- Flying Buttress
- Gothic support system with anchor structure on outside for support; opens space (Chartres Cathedral)
- Reverse Perspective
- Aka Byzantine perspective - "In your face" objects
- Masonry
- Building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar (Colosseum)
- 3 Architectural Orders
- Doric - capitol and a shaft Ionic - Taller shafts and curled capitol Corinthian - decorative capitol and flat roof (all used in Colosseum)
- Polykleitos
- Greek sculptor who portrayed the perfect man; used contrapposto and cross balance on all body parts (Doryphoros)
- Characteristics of Romanesque Architecture
- Arches, barrel-vaulted ceilings, latin cross style churches, heavy masonry (Saint Sernon)
- Contrapposto
- Shifting weight from one leg to another - shows movement (Kritios Boy)
- Amarna
- Akhenaten moved capitol of Egypt from Memphis to Amarna and tried to get rid of Polytheism (Akhenaten)
- Edict of Milan
- Agreement stating the freedom of religion (Arch of Constantine)
- Icon
- A portrait or image of sacred personages (Virgin and Child)
- Pericles
- Statesman in Greece who brought prosperity to Athens - built Acropolis (Parthenon)
- Charlemagne
- (Carolingian period) Church becomes leader of Empire (Matthew the Evangelist)
- Giotto
- Student of Cimabue; 1st Renaissance painter (Madonna Enthroned)