Diagnostic, symptomatic and related terms ch 14 of med term
Terms
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- agnosia
- inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spacial, olfactory, and other sensations even thought he sensory shpere is intact
- asthenia
- weakness, debility or loss of strength (multiple sclerosis)
- ataxia
- lack of muscle coordinationin the executionof voluntary movement (result of head injury, stroke, MS, alcoholism,etc)
- aura
- premonitory awareness of an approaching physical or mental disorder; peculiar sensation that precedes seizures
- autism
- mental disorder char by extremem withdrawal and abn absorption in fantasy, usually accompanied by inability to communicate even on the basic level
- cerebral palsy
- self-limiting paralysis due to developmental defects in teh brain or trauma during the birth process
- clonic spasm
- alternate contraction and relaxation of muscles
- closed head trauma
- injury to the head in which the dura mater remains intact and brain tiss is not exposed
- coma
- abnormally deep unconsciousness w/ absence of voluntary response to stimuli
- concussion
-
transient loss of consciousness as a result of trauma to the head
(symp: headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision) - dementia
- broad term that refers to cognitive deficit, including memory impairment
- dyslexia
- inability to learn and process written lang despite adequate intelligence, sensory ability, and exposure
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
-
cond of acute polyneuritis w/ progressive muscle weakness in extremities
(age 30-50) - herpes zoster
- painful, acute infectious disease of the posterior root ganglia of only a few segments of the spinal or cranial nerves AKA shingles
- Huntington chorea
- inherited disease of the CNS that usualy has its onset in people btwn 30-50
- hydrocephalus
- accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing thinning of brain tissue and separation of cranial bones
- lethargy
- abn activity or lack of response to normal stimuli AKA sluggishness
- neurosis
- unconscious conflict that produces anxiety and other symp and leads to maladaptive use of defense mech
- psychosis
- major emotional disorder where contach w/reality is lost to the point that the indiv is incapable of meeting challenges of daily life
- spina bifida
- defect in which the neural tube(tiss that forms the brain adn spinal cord in the fetus) faila to close during embryogenesis
- meningocele (spina bifida)
- form a spina bifida in which the spinal cord develops properly but the meninges protrude through the spine
- myelomeningocele (spina bifida)
- most severe form of spina bifida where the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine
- occulta
- form of spina bifida where one or more vertebrae are malformed and the spinal cord is covered with a layer of skin
- paraplegia
- paralysis of the lower portion of the trunk and both legs usually as a result of injury or disease of the spine
- paresthesia
- sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity (caused by disorders of the CNS - stroke, transient ischemic attack, MS, transvers myelitis, encephalitis)
- poliomyelitis
- inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis
- quadriplegia
- paralysis of all 4 extremities and usually the trunk
- Reye syndrome
-
acute encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of the brain, liver, and possibly the pancreas, heart, kidney, spleen, and lymph nodes
Usually seen in chilren less than 15 who had an acute viral infection - sciatica
- severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve felt at the base of the spine, down the thigh, and radiating down the leg due to a compressed nerve
- syncope
- temporary loss of consciousness due to the sudden decline of blood flow to the brain AKA fainting
- vasovagal syncope
- syncope due to a drop in BP brought on by the response of the nervous system to abrupt emotional stress, pain or trauma
- transient ischemic attack (TIA)
-
temporary interference with blood supply to the brain lasting from a few minutes to a few hours
symp: numbness/weakness in extremities, confusion, visual impairment, dizziness, loss of balance, diff walking