College Chem Midterm
Terms
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- distillation
- a method for separating the components of a liquid mixture that depends on differences in the ease of vaporization of the components
- binary compound
- a two-element compound
- theory
- an attempt to explain why nature behaves the way it does... can change as technological advances occur
- filtration
- the method for seperating the components of a mixture containing a solid and a liquid
- solution
- a homogeneous mixture; the same throughout
- reduction
- atom gains electrons
- mass number
- the total number of protons and neutronsin the atomic nucleusof an atom
- The scientific method
- observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion
- atomic number
- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
- compound
- a substance with constant composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical processes
- polyatomic ions
- ions which contain two or more atoms covalently combined
- dimensional analysis
- a method of solving problems by studying and using the units of the meaurements in the problem
- diatomic elements
- H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, At2 (not in subscript)
- qualitative observations
- observations that are observed (ex. color, shape)
- quantitative observations
- observations that are calculated (ex. time, mass)
- oxidation
- atom loses electrons
- isotope
- atoms of the same element (the same number of protons) that have different numbers of neutrons
- ion
- an atom or a group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge
- pure substance
- a substance with constant composition
- element
- a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical or physical means
- chemistry
- study of matter and its changes
- 3 states of matter
- solid, liquid, gas
- law
- a well tested and proven fact about nature.. a universal truth that doesn't change
- science
- the study of nature
- ionic compound
- a compound that results when a metal reacts with a nonmetal to form cations and anions
- density
- describes how closely packed the particles of matter are (mass/volume)
- molecular compounds
- two or more elements (nonmetals) covalently bonded
- hypothesis
- one or more testable assumptions put forth in an attempt to answer a question
- matter
- has mass and takes up space (volume)
- homogeneous mixture
- a mixture that is the same throughout; a solution
- heterogeneous mixture
- a mixture that has different properties in different regions of the mixture