ABA Chapter 5 vocab
Chapter 5 Vocabulary List
Applied Behavior Analysis, Cooper, Heron, et al
Applied Behavior Analysis, Cooper, Heron, et al
Terms
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- calibration
- Any procedure used to evaluate the accuracy of a measurement system and, when sources of error are found, to use that information to correct or improve the measuring system
- observed value
- A measure produced by an observation an measurement system
- discontinuous measurement
- measurement conducted in a manner such that some instances of the response class(es) of interest may not be detected
- unscored-interval IOA
- = (number of intervals of agreement on non-occurrence) / (intervals in which either or both observers recorded non-occurrence) * 100%
- validity
- The extent to which dta obtained from measurement are directly relevant to the target behavior of interest and to the reason(s) for measuring it
- total duration IOA
- = (shorter of two durations reported by observers / longer duration) * 100%
- unscored-interval IOA
- IOA index recommended for behaviors that occur at high rates
- interval-by-interval IOA
- = (number of intervals of agreement / total number of intervals) * 100%
- mean count-per-interval IOA
- The average percentage of agreement between the counts reported by two observers in a measurement period comprised of a series of smaller counting times
- direct measurement
- Occurs when the behavior that is measured is the same as the behavior that is the focus of the investigation
- observer drift
- Any unintended change in the way an observer uses a measurement system over the course of an investigation that results in measurement error
- mean duration-per-occurrence IOA
- equals average percentage of agreement of the durations reported by two observers for each occurrence of the target behavior
- observer reactivity
- influence on the data reported by an observer that results from the observer's awareness that others are evaluating the data he reports
- naive observer
- An observer who is unaware of the study's purpose and/or the experimental conditions in effect during a given phase or observation period
- exact count-per-interval IOA
- The percentage of total intervals in which two observers recorded the same count
- true value
- A measure accepted as a quantitative description of the true state of some dimensional quantity of an event as it exists in nature
- reliability
- Refers to the consistency of measurement, specifically, the extent to which repeated measurement of the same event yields the same values
- indirect measurement
- Occurs when the behavior that is measured is in some way different from the behavior of interest
- continuous measurement
- Measurement conducted in a manner such that all instances of the response class(es) of interest are detected during the observation period
- interobserver agreement
- The degree to which two or more independent observers report the same observed values after measuring the same events
- scored-interval IOA
- IOA index recommended for behaviors that occur at low rates
- trial-by-trial IOA
- An IOA index for discrete trial data based on comparing the observers' counts (0 or 1)
- total count IOA
- = (smaller of two observers' counts / larger of counts) * 100%
- believability
- The extent to which the researcher convinces herself and others that the data are trustworthy and deserve interpretation
- measurement bias
- a form of inaccurate measurement in which the data consistently overestimate or underestimate the true value of an event
- scored-interval IOA
- = (number of intervals of agreement) / (intervals in which either or both observers recorded occurrence) * 100%
- accuracy
- The extent to which observed values, the data produced by measuring an event, match the true state, or true values, of the event as it exists in nature