special ed test 3
Terms
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- residual hearing
- may perceive some sounds through this
- speech-language pathologist
- provide speech therapy, language intervention, oral motor coordination, and augmentative alternative communication
- muscular dystrophy
- inherited disease; progressive weakening and degeneration of muscles
- hearing impairment
- a hearing loss that adversely affects educational performance and thereby makes the child eligible for special education
- hydrocephalus
- the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in tissues surrounding the brain
- asthma
- 6-12% of children have this; leading cause of absenteeism in school
- speech reading
- process of understanding a spoken message by observing the speaker's face; some sounds are readily distinguished by watching the speaker's lips
- over responsiveness to sensory stimuli
- may not be able to stand certain sounds, dislike being touched, or can't eat certain foods with smells
- cerebral palsy
- permanent disorder of voluntary movement and posture; when trying to control movement, there may be less control
- IDEA definition of autism
- developmental disability affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age 3, that adversely affects a child's performance; repetitive activities, resistance to change, etc.
- echolalia
- verbatim repetitions of what people around them have said
- savants
- people with extraordinary ability in an area such as memorization, math calculations, or music while functioning at mental retardation level
- low functioning and high functioning autism
- differentiation between individuals with and without mental retardation
- Childhood disintegrative disorder
- shares behavioral characteristics with autism; doesn't begin until age 2-10; common medical complications; prognosis for improvement is poor
- asthma
- chronic lung disease resulting in a narrowing of airways; triggered by allergens, irritants, or emotional stress
- Asperger Syndrome
- Mild end of autism; impairments in all social areas: inability to interact socially, most have average or above average intelligence, clumsy, inflexible adherence to routines, difficulty with personal space, extensive vocabulary, odd speech patterns
- deaf
- not able to use hearing to understand speech; even with a hearing aid, cannot hear speech through the ears
- type 1 diabetes
- juvenile diabetes; insufficient insulin, a hormone normally produced by the pancreas and necessary for metabolism of glucose; get insulin injections
- behavioral interventions
- positive reinforcement for on task behavior; modifying assignments and instructional activities
- overselectivity
- tendency to focus on a minute feature of an object or a person rather than the whole
- physical therapist
- involved in the development and maintenance of motor skills, movement, and posture
- IDEA definition of visual impairment
- an impairment in vision that even with correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance
- orthopedic impairment
- dysfunction of bones, joints, limbs, and associated muscles; dysfunction of central nervous system affecting movement; adversely affecting education performance
- Autistic disorder
- onset before 3; three defining features: Qualitative impairment of social interaction, qualitative impairment of communication, restricted, repetitive, stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities
- 3% to 5%
- percentage of children with ADHD
- other health impairment
- limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health problems; adversely affecting educational performance
- splinter skills
- areas of relatively superior performance that are unexpected compared to other domains of function
- applied behavior analysis
- systematic approach for designing, conducting, and evaluating instruction based upon scientifically verified principles describing how the environment affects learning (not only consists of discrete trial training)
- drug therapy
- prescription stimulant medication is the most common intervention
- under responsiveness to sensory stimuli
- oblivious to sensory stimuli; don't feel pain in the normal way; rock, pus hard things into their skin
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- most common of 40; most severe; begin to show signs between 2-6; early death usually due to heart failure or respiratory failure; unusual walk, protruding stomach, hollow back; little relation between impairment and intellectual development
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder
- Children who meet some, but not all of the qualitative or quantitative criteria for autistic disorder are often diagnosed
- discrete trial training
- one on one sessions during which a routinized sequence of contrived learning trials is presented as a teacher and child sit at a table
- Rett's Syndrome
- Distinct neurological condition that begins between 5 and 30 months of age following an apparent normal pregnancy; baby's head growth slows; severe impairments in language and cognitive abilities; seizures
- executive function
- the ability to verbally think through and control one's actions
- spina bifida
- a condition in which the vertebrae do not enclose the spinal cord
- low vision
- uses vision as a primary means of learning by; may supplement visual information with tactile and auditory input
- totally blind
- receives no useful information through the sense of vision and must use tactile and auditory senses for all learning
- hard of hearing
- significant hearing loss that makes some special adaptations necessary; can use hearing to understand speech
- functionally blind
- has so little vision that they learn primarily through the auditory and tactile senses; may be able to use limited vision to supplement the information from other senses
- assistive technology
- piece of equipment to help people with disabilities
- ADHD
- persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development
- occupational therapist
- concerned with a child's participation in activities, especially those that will be useful in self help, employment, recreation, communication, and aspects of daily living
- shunt
- one way valve that directs fluid to the bloodstream