ANA 16
Terms
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- acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- aquired condition that impairs the body's ability to fight disease; it is the end stage of continuum of HIV infection.
- HIV disease
- is a broad diagnostic term that includes the pathology and clinical illness caused by HIV infection.
- vertical transmission
- of HIV or transmission from mother to fetus, can occur during pregnancy, delivery, or through postpartum breastfeeding - in milk.
- HIV is a obligate virus...which means what?
- it must have a host organism to survive
- HIV carries its genetic material how?
- in RNA rather than DNA....and it replicates by converting RNA to DNA
- Perinatal transmission
- HIV can be transmitted from mother to the infant during pregnancy, at time of delivery, or after birth....thru breast feeding
- VERTICAL TRANSMISSION IS?
- TRANSMISSION OF HIV FROM MOTHER TO CHILD
- seroconversion
- the process after exposure to a disease in which the blood changes from negative to positive ( after having a ELISA test)
- phagocytic
- ingestion and digestion of bacteria ingestion. Infected monocytes move into the body tissues, were the differentiate into macrophages.
- human immunodeficiency virus( HIV)
- a retro-virus that causes HIV infection and HIV disease ( AKA )zoonotic- crossed from zoo animal species over to humans.
- HAART = ?
- HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
- percutaneous exposure w/ aids is defined as?
- a needlestick exposure to known HIV-infected blood
- viral load
- or burden refers to a quantitative measure of HIV viral RNA in the peripheral circulation....the higher the load the worse the condition is
- what R most common modes of transport for HIV?
- anal, vaginal,contaminated needles/paraphernalia, & trans from mother to child
- retrovirus
- viruses the contain RNA as their genetic information; making DNA from RNA
- CD4 CELL MONITORING...
- IS 1 OF LAB PARAMETERS USED TO TRACK THE PROGRESSION OF HIV DISEASE, if there is decrease in CD4 the more severe the immunosuppression becomes
- viral load
- amount of measurable HIV virons is highest immediately after injection and during the later stages of the disease.
- opportunistic
- caused by normally nonpathogenic organisms in a host whose resistance has been decreased by such disorders as HIV disease.
- SYMPTOMATIC HIV DISEASE
- HIV infection may exist for amny years w/o symptoms...before it progresses to this..........(symptomatic)....unexplained fever, night sweats, diarrhea, weight loss and fatigue
- pneumocystis jiroveci ( formerly carinii) pneumonia (PCP)
- an unusual pulmonary disease caused by a fungus and primarily associated /c people who have suppressed immune systems ( cases were noticed by Dr's in NY and CA)
- what are the 2 phases of HIV
- asymptomatic & symptomatic
- HIV disease is Dx'ed when?
- the CD4 cell count is 200cell/mm3 or fewer
- marker for antibodies are usually present in 10-12 weeks after exposure....
- seroconversion
- virulent
- dangerous; harmful, toxic Extremely infectious, harmful, or poisonous, as a disease or toxin.
- HIV disease results from progressive deterioration of immune system over time....when is AIDS Dx'ed?
- AIDS is made in a later stage of this progression, it is the end stage of the continuum of HIV infection
- HOW SOON WILL ANTIBODIES SHOW IN BLOOD AFTER UNSAFE SEX?
- 4-12 WEEKS
- education on prevention is the only truly effective "vaccine" available to curb the HIV pandemic
- true
- seronegative
- test doesn't mean the the individual is free from the risk of infection
- what is 1 of the most common infections seen w/ early symptomatic disease is?
- ORAL CANDIDIASIS(thrush) whitish, curdlike substance on the tongue inside the mouth, SHINGLES IS ANOTHER AND PERSISTENT VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS...(YEAST INFECTIONS)
- seroconversion...is what?
- is devel. of antibodies from HIV...takes place 5 days to 3 mos. after exposure....generally w/in 1-3 weeks, most pep's the acute retroviral illness is mild and may B mistaken fro a cold or minor viral infeftion
- adherence
- the maintenance of adherence to prescribe regimen os of paramount importance to survival and the success of the treatment.
- kaposi's sarcoma
- a rare cancer of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by blue,red, or purple raised lesions seen mainly in Mediterranean men
- ZOONOTIC
- HIV is known as this......organism that has been abler to cross from an animal species to humans
- CD4+ counts are important markers of disease progression and the status of what?
- the immune system
- center for disease control and prevention (CDC)
- a division of the U.S. public health service in Atlanta Georgia, that investigates and controls various diseases, especially those that have epidemic potential.
- CD4+ lymphocyte
- plays a pivotal role in the ability of the immune system to recognize and defend against foreign invaders. (adults normally have 600-1200 CD4 lymphocytes per microliter of blood)
- enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- a rapid enzyme immunochemical assay method to detect certain bacterial antigens and antibodies.
- WHAT IS ADJUNCTIVE ACTIVITIES?
- MASSAGE, ACUPUNCTURE, ACUPRESSURE, & BIOFEEDBACK
- HIV disease/AIDS is Dx'ed accord. to what?
- CD4 counts
- Antiretrovial Therapy
- I think these are the "cocktails" for Pt's w/ HIV
- when an HIV Pt is taking drugs what is one of the important things for that person to follow?
- Pt must maintain vigilance with their treatment. (always taking their drugs at specific times...if they miss they help to create drug risistance
- excoriation
- a strong denunciation; the act or state of stripping or wearing off the skin....this can happen in the perianal area
- HIV infection
- the state in which HIV enters the body under favorable conditions and multiplies, producing injurious effects.
- immune dysfunction results predominantly from what?
- dysregulation & destruction of T-helper cells, or CD4+ lymphocytes, these DC4 and lymphocytes play pivotal role in ability of immune system to recognize and defend against foreign invaders
- THE HIV FACTORY IN THE HUMAN BODY IS?
- INFECTED CD4 CELLS