mgmt chapter 2
management sixth edition Daft
Terms
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- Human Resources Perspective
- a management persective that suggests jobs should be designed to meet higher level needs by allowing workers to use their full potential
- Economic forces
- Forces that affect the availability, production, and disttribution of a society's resources among competing users
- Classical Perspective
- a management perspective that emerged durring the nineteeth century that emphasized a rational, scientific approach to the sudy of managemnt and sought to make organizations efficient operating machines
- entropy
- the tendency for a system to run down and die
- system theory
- organizations as open systems that are charactrized by entropy, synergy, and subsystem interdependence
- system
- a set of interrelated parts that function as a whole to achieve a common purpose
- Humanistic Perspective
- A management perspective that emerged around the late nineteenth centruy that ephasized understanding human behavior, needs, and attitudes in the workplace
- subsystem
- parts of a system that depend on one another for their functioning
- contingency view
- the successful resolution of organizational problems is throught to depend on manager' identification of key variations in the situation at hand
- open system
- a system that interacts with the external enviorment
- closed system
- a system that does not interact with the external enviroment
- Human Relations Movement
- a movement in management thinking and practice that emphasized satisfaction of employees' basic needs as the key to increased worker productivity
- behavioral sciences approach
- a subfield of the humanistic management perspective that applies social socience in an organizational context, drawing from eonomics, psychology, socialogy, and other diciplines
- Management Science perspective
- a management perspective that emerged after world war ii aand applied mathematics, statistics, and other quantitative techniques to managerial problems.
- Political Forces
- the influence of political and legal instiutions on people and organizations
- administrative principles
- a subfield of classical management perspective that focused on the total organization rather than the individual worker, delineating the management functions of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling
- learning organization
- an organiztion in which everyone is engaged in identifying and solving problems, enabling the organization to continously experiment, improve, and increase its capability
- synergy
- the concept that whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- Social Forces
- The aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people their values, needs, and standards of behaviors
- Bureaucratic organizations
- a subfield of the classical management perspective that emphasized management on impersona, rational basis through such elements as clearly defined authority and responsibility, formal recordkeeping, and seperation of management and ownership.