Micro test 3....Antimicrobialazors
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- Who was responsible for the magic bullet? and the 606 tries to find a cure for syphillus?
- Erlich.
- What was the name of the cure?
- Salvarsan
- What is the active ingredient in sulfanilamide
- prontosil
- who discovered Prontosil?
- Domagk...in the 1900's
- What is prontosil?
- Analog of PABA
- What is PABA?
- folic acid is a competitive inhibitor, and plays a crucial role in metabolism. Take it when you're pregnant
- What is Hydrochloride?
- Anti-Tuberculosis remedy
- What is used for UTI infections?
- Nalidixic Acid
- What is salvarsan?
- It is an arsenic compound...the start of chemotherapy
- What are the four synthetic drugs that we covered?
- Salvarsan, Prontosil, Isoniazid, and Nalidixic Acid
- what do sulfa drugs do?
- SD's make PABA inactive. Micro-organisms synthesize folic acid. We have to eat folic acid. Sulfa's inhibit folic acid...but since we don't make it in our bodies, it works on micro-organisms. Sulfa drugs compete with PABA in folic acid.
- What kind of an infection is amphotericin B?
- systemic
- what do we get ampicillin from?
- penicillin chrys.
- What is the type of antibio that we use on small children?
- amoxacillin
- What are the four antibiotics used for G + organisms?
- Penicillin, Erythromycin, Cephalothin, and Bacitracin
- What is bacitracin used for?
- SKIN
- what type of antibiotics do most doctors and dentists use?
- Gram +
- What are two examples of G - antibiotics?
- Gentamicin, and Zyvox(linezolid, 2000)
- Waht is Gentamicin known for?
- nephro-toxocities (in the liver)
- name 5 Broad Spectrum (affects both G+ and G- )antibiotics
-
Amp-icillin
Bactim
Chloramphenicol
Piper-icillin
Tetracycline - What is unizue about Chloramphenicol?
- bad side affects, but it works against typhoid fever
- what causes Typhoid Fever?
- Salmonella Typhii
- What Ab is used for ear infections in children?
- Bactrim
- What is the mode of action of a protozoa in antibiotics?
-
to inhibit cell wall synthesis,
damage cell wall
inhibit's protein synthesis
inhibit's nucleic acid synthesis - What does AAPMC stand for?
- Antibiotic-Associated-Pseudomembrane-Colitis
- What are two protozoan Ab's?
- Chloroquine, and metronidazole
- Name a beta lactamase
- Dicloxicillin
- What is special about beta lactamases?
- they are very tough to beat.
- explain zoning.
- the bigger the zone is around that organism,the more suceptible that organism is to that anti-microbial.
- what is the "r factor?"
- a plasmid. Codes for multiple anti-biotic resistance
- What are two tests used for Antibiotic Sensitivity testing?
-
Kirby Bauer disk plate assay
MIC determination-minimum inhibitory concentration: take antimic and dillute it, and add organism and incubate to see concentration - What are five synthetic antivirals?
-
Amantadine,
Acyclovir,
Ribavirin,
Rifampin,
and Zidovudine (AZT = Retrovir - What are hte four ingredients in HART?
- Zamoduvodine, Lamoduvovine, Duvodine, and Retronovir
- What type of organism is Bacitracin used against?
- G +
- What type of organism is Cephalothin used against?
- G +
- What is the source of Cephalothin?
- Cephlosporium acremonium
- What is the source of Erythromycin?
- Streptomyces erythreus
- Where are a lot of antibiotics grown inthe soil?
- Abbott, Libertyville.
- What is the drug, Augmentin used for?
- pheumoniz, bronchitis, UTI's, Cellulitis
- What organisms does Rocephin kill?
- SA, EC, Strepto P, KP, HI