Weinberger Cards Basic Pulmonary
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- If lungs are removed from the chest, chestwall will... Why?
- expand; chest wall has inherit outward force, counterbalanced by lung recoil.
- T/F at FRC inward recoil of the lung is slightly greater than outward recoil of chestwall.
- F. At FRC they are exactly counter balanced.
- Volume of conducting airways is?
- dead space; 150mls
- T/F O2 and CO2 equilibration occurs in .25secs.
- T 1/3 of the availible time
- At 60torr O2 is what percentage saturated
- 90%
- 3 causes of AaDO2 (or A/a mismatch)
-
1. Shunt-
a. cardiac lesion (R to L heart shunt)
b. lung structural defect that result in direct communication b/w arterial/venous blood.
c. pulmonary edema- complete filling of aveolar sacs or collapse
2. V/Q mismatch
3. Diffusion Block (hypothetical) - 4 mechanisms of hypoxemia:
-
1. Shunt
2. V/Q mismatch
3. Hypoventilation
4. Low inspired PO2 - High PCO2 w/ Hypoxemia indicates what Dz?
- emphazema, secondary to dystruction of surface area for gas diffusion.
- What type of breath sounds are produced by consolidated lungs? How?
- bronchial breath sounds; transmit sounds better than ventilated lungs.
- What are lung crackles? Indicated in what Dz.
- Crackles (or rales)phonate secondary to the opening of collaped alveoli; heard on late inspiration or through out. Eg. Pulmonary Edema; Pneumonia