Pulmonary Diseases
Terms
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- What disease processes are associated with clubbing?
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
Pulmonary fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis
Cardiac shunt - What are the Gram+ bacteria that cause CAP?
-
Strep. pneumoniae
Staph. aureus - What are the Gram- bacteria that cause CAP?
-
H. flu
Kelbsiella pnemoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - What are the "other" common pathogens of CAP?
-
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Legionella pneumonophila
Viruses (RSV, influenza, adenovirus) - FEV1 is reduced when what is present?
- Airway obstruction
- FEV1/FVC is reduced when what is present?
- Airway obstruction
- FVC is reduced when what is present?
- Restictive lung disease
- What are the four mechanisms of hypoxemia?
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Hypoventilation
V/Q mismatch
Shunt
Low inspired p02 - What is the normal (A-a)DOâ‚‚?
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10 mmHg
(17-22 in elderly patients) - Hypoxemia associated with elveated (A-a)DOâ‚‚ is often due to what?
-
V/Q mismatch
Shunt - Hypoxemia associated with an elveated pCOâ‚‚ and normal (A-a)DOâ‚‚ is often due to what?
- Hypoventilation
- Hypoxemia associated with an elveated pCOâ‚‚ and elevated (A-a)DOâ‚‚ is often due to what?
- Hypoventilation and something else, probably V/Q mismatch and possibly shunt
- What is the effect of asthma on DLCO?
- It is increased
- what is the most common route of infection for pneumonia, both CAP and HAP?
- Aspiration of bacterial pathogens from the oropharynx