AP Psych people
Terms
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- maintained that personality and ability depend almost entirely on genetic inheritance
- Frances Galton
- had the theory of evolution, survival of the fittest
- Charles Darwin
- introspection-psychology became the scientific study of conscious experience rather than science
- william wundt
- founder of behaviorism-did the study of generalization
- john watson
- the conditioning subject to be afraid in watson's study on the generalization of fear
- little alfred
- neofreudian, believed that childhood social not sexual tensions are crucial for personality formation
- alfrad adler
- people had conscious and unconscious awareness
- carl jung
- three levels of traits 1.cardinal trai-dominant trait that characterizes your life; 2. central trait-common to all people 3. secondary trait-surfaces in some situations and not in others
- gordon allport
- rational emotive therapy-focuses on altering client's patterns of irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive behavior and emotions
- albert ellis
- hierarchy of needs-once met, the higher needs occupy the individual's attention.
- albert maslow
- humanistic psychology-the theory that emphasizes the unique quality of humans especially their freedom and potential for personal growth
- carl rodgers
- operant conditioning-techniques to manipulate the consequences of an organism's behavior in order to observe the effects of subsequent behavior
- B.F. Skinner
- classical conditioning-an unconditional stimulus naturally elicits a reflexive behavior called an unconditional response
- Ivan Pavlov
- disagreed with skinner, said there is an infinate number of sentences in a language, humans habe the inborn native ability to develop language
- noam chompsky
- four-stage theory of cognitive development 1.sensorimotor 2. preoperational 3. concrete operational 4. formal operational
- Jean Piaget
- people evolve through 8 stages over the life span. each stage marked by psychological crisis that involves confronting "who am I"
- erik erikson