Psychology 100- Personality
Terms
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- Define PERSONALITY
- The consistent ways in which one behaves. Latin for "mask"
- Define PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY
- Relates personality to the conflicting forces within the individual. Began with Freud
- What is the goal of PSYCHOANALYSIS?
- To bring the unconscious into the conscious, or into awareness
- What is the OEDIPUS COMPLEX?
- When children wish to have sex with their opposite sex parent but realize that it is forbidden
- What is PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT?
- Freud proposed that people have a psychosexual energy and broke it down into five stages, each with its own way for seeking gratification
- Explain the ORAL STAGE
- First stage of phychosexual development where an infant (0-1) derives psychosexual pleasure from stimulation of the mouth
- Explain the ANAL STAGE
- Second stage of phychosexual development where the toddler (1-3) derives psychosexual pleasure from stimulaion of the anal area and bowelk movements
- Explain the PHALLIC STAGE
- Third stage of phychosexual development where a child (3-6) derives psychosexual pleausre from stimulation of the genitals, and becomes attracted to the opposite-sex parent
- Explain the LATENT PERIOD
- Fourth stage of phychosexual development where a child (6-adolescence) suppresses his or her psychosexual interest. Tend to play with same sex peers
- Explain the GENITAL STAGE
- Fifth stage of phychosexual development where the individual (adolescence and beyond) has a strong sexual interest in other people and derives psychosexual satisfaction from intercourse
- What is the ID?
- The part of personality that is comprised of all our biological drives that demand immediate gratification
- What is the EGO?
- The rational, negotiating, and desicion-making component of personality
- What is the SUPEREGO?
- The part of personality of internalized values and rules that we receive from our parents and society
- What is a DEFENSE MECHANISM?
- Unpleasant thoughts and feeling to the unconscious
- Explain RATIONALIZATION
- When people "make excuses" and reframe thoughts, feelings or memories
- Explain REPRESSION
- "Motivated forgetting" of painful or unacceptable thoughts, feelings of memories
- Explain REGRESSION
- Return to a more juvenile way of thinking or acting
- Explain DENIAL
- Refusal to acknowledge something that causes anxiety
- Explain DISPLACEMENT
- The diversion of an unacceptable thought or impulse from its actual target to a less threatening object or person
- Explain REACTION FORMATION
- Presenting your thoughts or feelings as the opposite of what they actually are
- Explain SUBLIMATION
- The transformation of aggresive energies into acceptable and pro-social behaviors
- Explain PROJECTION
- Attributing one's own undesirable characteristics or motives to other people
- What are NEO-FREUDIANS?
- Psychologists who adopted some parts of Freud's theory and modified other parts
- What did KAREN HORNEYE believe?
- The Freud exaggerated the role of sexualtiy in human behavior and placed less emphasis on women and the dynamics of family relationships
- What did CARL JUNG believe?
- He put a greater emphasis on human experience and the human need for spiritual meaning in life
- What did ADLER propose?
- Humans have a natural deire to strive for superiority
- What is the INFERIORITY COMPLEX?
- An exaggerated feeling of inadequacy, throughout their lives
- What is the LEARNING APPROACH do?
- It relates specific behaviors to our environment
- Explain what HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY does
- It deals with consciousness, including spirituality and guiding principles by which people live their lives
- What did CARL ROGERS believe?
- He believed that children develop a self-concept and ideal self
- What is SELF CONCEPT?
- An image of the person that they really are
- What is the IDEAL SELF?
- An image that represents what the person "should" be
- What did ABRAHAM MASLOW propose?
- People have a heirarchy of motivating needs and the highest need of these is the need to become self actualized
- What is a STANDARDIZED TEST?
- A test administered according to specified rules where the score are interpreted using specific instructions
- What is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)?
- A test comprised of 567 true-fals questions to see if a person is motivated to make themselves appear more or less mentally healthy than they actually are
- Explain RORSCHACH INKBLOTS
- A personality test that is composed of a series of 10 ambiguous inkblots
- Explain the THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST (TAT)
- A personality test that is based upon the presentation of a series of pictures