Psychology
Definitions...from textbook
Terms
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- mind-body problem
- fundamental psychological issue that considers whether mind and body are seperate and distinct or whether the mind is simply the subjective experience of the physical brain
- psychoanalysis
- method by freund that attempts to bring contents of unconscious into conscious awareness so that conflicts can be revealed
- Functionalism
- approach to psych concerned with adaptive puspose or function of mind and behavior
- Structuralism
- approach to psych based on idea that conscious experience can be broken down into its basic underlying compnents and elements
- from evolutionary theory perspective
- brain is an organ that has evolved to solve problems related to survival and reproduction
- mind
- refers to mental activity such as thoughts and feelings, its what the mind does
- amygdala
- structure in the brain that detects threats and activates fear response
- culture
- beliefs, values, rules, customs that exist within a group of people who share common language and environment
- neuroscience
- brain science, used by psychologists to see how dif regions react
- Stream of consciousness
- phrase coined by William James to describe one's continuous series of ever-changing thoughts
- Introspection
- systematic examination of subjective mental expieriences that requires people to inspect and report on the context of their thoughts
- science builds on
- the foundation of shared knowledge
- Social aspects
- examine how cultural and social contexts affect the ways people interact and influence each other
- Individual aspects
- concern individual differences in personality and mental process
- unconscious
- identifies mental processes that operate below the level of conscious awareness
- behavior
- describes a wide variety of activities
- culture is transmitted
- from generation to generation through learning
- complexity is
- inherent in science as ideas and theories are modified by new info
- natural selection
- darwin's theory that those who inherit good characteristics will survive over others
- critical thinking
- systematic way of evaluating info in order to reach reasonable conclusions
- principles of psychological studies based on
- research on the mind, brain, and behavior that has accumulated over time
- Psychological science
- study of mind, brain, and behavior
- expression of genes
- helps give rise to mind and behavior
- Psychology's roots are in
- philosophy and medicine
- Schizophrenia
- disorder in which people have unusual thoughts
- brain imaging
- asses changes in metabolic activity in the brain which show changes in brain activity
- biological aspect
- how the physical body contributes to mind and behavior
- mind is shaped by
- evolution
- bipolar
- person has dramatic mood swings
- nature
- wired
- dualism
- theory that mind and body are seperate yet intertwined
- a new biological revolution is in progress
- brain chemistry, the human genome, and watching the working brain
- neurotransmitters
- how the brain works, these communicate messages between nerve cells, hundreds of substances play a critical role
- psychological scientist
- one who uses methods of science to study interplay between brain, mind, and behavior
- adaptations
- physical characteristics, skills, and abilities that increse chances of survival and reproduction
- behaviorism
- psych approach emphasizes the role of environmental forces in prducing behavior
- nurture
- treated
- ultimate ambition of psych
- explain the most important human behaviors in real-life context
- evolutionary theory
- emphasizes inherited, adaptive value of behavior and mental activity throughout the history of the species
- psychological practitioners
- those who apply findings from psych science in order to assist people in their daily lives
- human genome
- basic genetic code for the human body, now we can also link between genes and behavior
- nature-nurture debate
- arguments concerning whether phsychological characteristics are biologically inate or acquired
- goal of psych today
- to understand people by considering both individual and contextual factors
- Gestalt theory
- whole of personal experience is much greater than simply a sum of its constituent elements