Motivation and Emotion: Psychology
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- What is the Drive Reduction Theory?
- Our behavior is motivated by biological needs.
- Primary Drives
- Biological needs. i.e. hunger, thirst.
- Secondary Drives
- Learned drives. i.e. money can GET us primary ..etc.
- Problem with Drive Reduction Theory?
- Cannot explain ALL our motivations. I.e. "Need for speed" stuff.
- What is the Arousal Theory?
- We seek an optimum level of excitement or arousal.
- What is the Yerkes-Dodson Law?
- We might perform well at an easy task with a very high level of arousal, but the same high level of arousal would prevent us from performing well on a difficult task.
- What is the Incentive Theory?
- Behavior is pushed by a desire or by knowledge that a reward will be given.
- List Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. (Polly Stirs Beans Every Sunday)
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1. Physiological Needs
2. Safety Needs
3. Belongingness and Love Needs
4. Esteem Needs
5. Self Actualization - What are the four stages of the Sexual Response Cycle according to Masters and Johnson? (I Play One Recorder)
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1. Initial Excitement
2. Plateau Phase
3. Orgasm
4. Resolution Phase - How is a homosexual person different from a heterosexual biologically?
- They have different brain structures (might be caused by hormones in the womb)
- What is the Achievement Motivation Theory?
- Motivations behind complex behaviors like mastering complex tasks and knowledge to reach personal goals.
- Extrinsic Motivators
- Rewards we get for accomplishments from outside ourselves. I.e. grades, salary, etc.
- Intrinsic Motivators
- Rewards we get internally. I.e. enjoyment, satisfaction.
- Why are people so interested in the Achievement Motivation Theory? (2)
- Because different groups are motivated differently. I.e. Businesses and schools.
- Which type of motivation is better for the short run? Which type of motivation is better for the long run?
- Extrinsic; Intrinsic.
- What are the two attitudes of the Management Theory?
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X- Managers believe employees will work only if rewarded with punishments or benefits.
Y- Managers believe employees are internally motivated to do good work and policies should encourage this motive. - What is the James Lange theory of emotion?
- We feel emotion because of biological changes caused by stress. One occurs after the other.
- What is the Cannon Bard theory of emotion?
- Biological change and cognitive awareness occur SIMULTANEOUSLY. Cannon overestimated the roles of the thalamus.
- What is the Two Factor Theory? Who is in charge of it?
- People who are already physiologically aroused experience more intense emotions than unaroused people when both groups are exposed to the same stimuli.
- Who are Holmes and Rahe?
- They designed one fo the first instruments to measure stress. Their social readjustment rating scale measured stress using life changing units (LCU's)
- Who is Seyle?
- Came up with the General Adaptation Syndrome.
- Name the three parts of the General Adaption Syndrome.
- Alarm Reaction, Resistance, and Exhaustion.