Monera and Protista
Terms
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- Eubacteria
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-(commmon bacteria) are mostly heterotrophs.
-use food made by other organisms
-many of them are saprobes;food is dead organic material. - why is bacteria important to our environment?
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-Bacteria are important decomposers that recycle nutrients back into the environment.
-They are also important ecologically for nitrogen fixation; reduction of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. - Photosynthesis
- using sun energy to create food
- Aerobes
- use oxygen in repiration
- Obligate Anaerobes
- live in complete absence of oxygen
- symbiosis
- A relationship between members of different species.
- Animal-like Protists
- lack a cell wall and most are usuaully motile
- Phylum: Sarcodina
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-Amoeba, foraminiferans, and radiolarians.
-move by means of pseudopodia
-some secrete a shell for protection out of calcium or silica materials. - Plant -like protists
- contain cholorplasts and most have a cell wall.
- Division: Acrasiomycota
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-Celllular slime molds
-lives as single celled amoeboid organism that feeds on bacteria. - Kingdom: Monera
- the prokaryotic bacteria, which includes eubacteria and archaebacteria.
- Heterotrophs
- bacteria which eat food made by other organisms.
- Cyanobacteria
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(Blue green bacteria)
-are autotrophs - Chemosynthesis
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-using energy from an inorganic chemical reaction to create food.
-unreliant on sun.
-exp: bacteria living on thermo-vents in the ocean. - What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
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Coccus- spherical (Staphyloccocus)
Bacillus-Rod shaped (Streptobacillus)
Spirillium-spiral - Faculative Anaerobes
- ability to live with or without oxygen
- Phylum: Ciliophora
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-Paramecium
-move by means of cilia. - Division: euglenophyta
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-common euglena
-no cell wall, carries out photosynthesis, and usually has two flagella.
-green in color - Division: Bacillariophyta
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-Diatoms
-intricate cell walls that contain silica and no flagella. - Division: Myxomycota
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-Plasmodial slime molds
Consists of strands of protoplasm streaming along in amoeboid movement that feeds on bacteria. - " Mycota:
- Fungus or Fungi-like
- Archaebacteria
- rare bacteria that thrive in harsh environments.
- Saprobes
- food is dead organic material
- Autotrophs
- they make their own food by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
- Parasitism
- One species, the parasite, benefits from the host
- comensalism
- one species benefits and the other is not harmed or benefited.
- mutualism
- both species benefit
- Phylum: Zoomastigophora
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-trypanosoma brucei (afican sleeping disease)
-Trichonympha collaris (gut of termites)
-these organisms possess one or more flagella. - Phylum: Sporozoa
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-Plasmodium Vivax (causes malaria)
-all species of sporozoa lack of motility and are internal parasites. - Division: Dinoflagellata
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-the dinoflagellates
-cell wall, two flagella, and important as phytoplankton(supports ocean life)
-one species of dinoflaggelates is responsible for the red tide which results in nerve toxin accumulation in shellfish. - Slime Molds
- fungus like protists
- " Phyta"
- plant or plant -like