Chem Midterm part 2
Terms
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- What is Chemistry?
- the study of matter and the changes that it undergoes.
- What is matter?
- anything that has mass and volume.
- The four states of matter are...
- solid, liquid, gas, plasma
- gas -> solid is called
- desposition
- solid -> gas is called
- sublimation
- gas -> liquid is called
- condensation
- liquid -> gas is called
- vaporization
- 3 properties of solids
- particles are arranged so particles are closely packed, definite shape and volume, cannot be compressed
- 3 properties of liquids
- particles are arranged so they can slide past eachother takes the shape of the container and definite volume, cannot be compressed
- 3 properties of gas
- particles are spread out widely, no definite shape or volume, very compressible
- a molecule is
- 2 or more chemically bonded atoms
- matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties is called
- a substance
- a combination of 2 or more substances, each of which retains its properties is called
- a mixture
- True or False: compoiunds can be decomposed into simpler substances.
- true
- Physical properties are
- properties that can be observed without changing the identity and composition of the matter.
- Chemical properties are
- properties that describe the way a substance may change to react to form other substances.
- Properties that are independent of sample size are called
- intensive properties
- Properties that depend on sample size are called
- extensive properties (ex. mass, volume)
- Define homogeneous mixtures
- uniform throughout. Also called solutions.
- Define heterogeneous mixtures
- non-uniform throughout.
- Filtration
- the mixture is separated based on differences in particle size
- Distillation
- separates components based on differences in boiling points.
- chromatography
- separates mixture components based on differences in atraction to a surface.