370
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- syntax
- how we form linguistically meaningful utterance in speaking and sentences in writing
- form
- listing information about words that are that type of thing (hair, linguist, nose, blackboard)
- function
- what position does it occupy in the higher structure (utterance or sentence). The class waits. (the class is the head of the noun phrase).
- noun
- person, place, thing, idea, state of being, quality, abstract concept (cat, house, dream, life, thought, running is good exercise)
- adjective
-
modifies nouns/describes nouns- qualities, states of being, characteristics
often have endings like -al,-able,-like,-an
comparative (happier) and superlative (happiest) - adverb
- they modify verbs and can also modify adjectives. they can also modify other adverbs. He is happily grinning.
- determiner
-
articles- and, a, the, an
proceed nouns and give information about them (quantity, number) closed-class - noun modifier
-
nouns can be modifiers.
my linguistics class. - preposition
- relational, specify relational meanings. closed class. between, within, on, under, from, to, near.
- verb
- head of verb phrase and can stand alone if necessary
- linking verb
-
be, like, seem, appear
AFTER linking verbs- predicate adjective that describes subject. - pronoun
- closed class. stand in for nouns. he, you, she, it.
- personal pronoun
- specifies a known element.
- indefinite pronouns
-
unknown, unspecified elements in a clause.
ANYONE should be able to pass this test. - interrogative pronouns
-
appear for an unknown to answer a question.
who,what,where,when - demonstrative pronouns
-
this, that, these, those
points to something previously mentioned - relative pronouns
-
modifies noun phrase
The professor WHICH came down on them like judgement day. - Describe the relationship between phonetics and phonology.
- Phonetics deals with sound production and perception, and phonology is the cognitive organization of sound.
- Parts of speech
- lexical categories
- define and list open class lexical categories
- noun, adverb, verb, adjective- parts of speech that admit new members (google, ipod, blog)
- define and list closed class lexical categories
- parts of speech that do not admit new members. pcpcda- preposition, complementizer, pronoun, conjunction, determiner, auxiliary verb
- complementary distribution
-
like clark kent/superman.
they are different but there is something that relates them. one variant is, the other isn't. - free variation
- more than one allophone variant can occur in a single context
- underlying representation(UR)
- phoneme- encodes phonetic symbols
- minimal pair
- 2 contrastive elements- phonemes- must be different lexical items.