Sexual Reproduction
Terms
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- Sexual Reproduction
- type of reproduction that involves 2 parents offspring are different from parents
- fertilization
- when 2 sex cells fuse
- zygote
- after fertilization a ____ is formed
- puberty
- human reproduction is controlled by hormones cause physical changes secreted by the gonads
- ovaries
- what are the female gonads
- testes
- what are the male gonads
- gametogenesis
- making of sex cells
- gametes
- another word for sex cells
- egg
- female gamete ____'s are haploids only have 23 chromosomes
- sperm
- male gamete
- oogenesis
- making of female gamete occurs in ovaries
- spermatogenesis
- making of male gamete
- sperm
- consists of tail(flagellum) used for locomotion the head contains DNA cap of enzymes that enables it to penetrate egg
- flagellum
- the tail of the sperm
- DNA
- what does the head of sperm contain
- head
- where is the nucleus in sperm
- testes
- where is sperm produced
- scrotum
- loose hanging below the penis
- scrotum
- where is the testes found
- mature
- when __ sperm are stored in the epididymis a coiled tube attached to the surface of each testes
- epididymis
- lower end unwinds to become vas defers connected to uretha
- uretha
- tube that carries urine from bladder to outside of the body carries sperm during ejaculation
- seminal vesicles
- two small glands that secrete a fluid rich in sugar that nourishes and helps sperm move
- cowpers gland
- secretes an alkaine fluid that counteracts acid found the in female uretha
- prostate gland
- produces fluid that helps propel sperm *women do not have this*
- testes
- produce hormones at puberty causes development of adult male characteristics
- ovaries
- located in the lower part of the abdomen produce
- eggs estrogen progesterone
- what do the ovaries produce
- oviduct
- where are eggs fertalized
- uterus
- where are eggs carried after feritlzaed
- cervix
- lower part of uterus
- cervix
- tublar ring of strong muscles
- vagina
- connect uterus to the outside of the body
- birth canal
- cervix and vagina
- before birth
- egg production occurs ___ ____
- approx. 2 million
- how manny eggs are produced
- puberty
- during ___ eggs mature
- estrogen
- causes females to develop breasts and wider hips
- follicles
- produce large amounts of estrogen and progesterone
- progestrone
- cause blood vessels to enlarge preparing the uterus to receive the embryo after egg is released from ovary
- 28 days
- how long is the menstrual cycle
- menstrual cycle
- prepares the uterus for a possible zygote
- follicle stage
- day 1-13 high FSH-follicle matures high estrogen endometrium thickens
- endometrium
- uterus lining
- ovulation
- day 14 high LH causes the egg to be released
- Corpus Luteum Stage
- day 15-21 high LH levels cause the corpus luteum of the ovary to produce progesterone high progesterone maintains the endometrium for a possible pregnancy
- menstruation
- day 22-28 drop in estrogen and progesterone causes a breakdown of the endometrium
- ovulation
- release of an egg from an ovary
- ovarian cycle
- prepares mature egg for fertilization
- 10 days
- how long does it take for an egg to mature
- released break down
- after egg is ___ follicle begins to ____
- menopause
- between 45-55 ovulation and mestruation stop woman no longer able to have children
- external fertilization
- takes place outside the body of a female in the water sperm and egg=released into the water and the sperm swin to the eggs
- 1000 eggs
- females lay ___ of eggs
- predators
- very few eggs survive b/c of environment and ____