Biology Chapter 11 Vocabulary
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- polygenic traits
- triat controlled by two or more genes
- gene map
- diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome
- gamete
- specialized cell involved in sexual repreduction
- diploid
- term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromososmes
- segregation
- seperation of alleles during gamete formation
- haploid
- term used to refer to a clel that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes
- meiosis
- process by whcih the number of chromosomes cell is cut in half thru the seperation of homologous chrosomes in a diplod cell
- heterozygous
- term used to referto an organism that has 2 different alleles for the same trait
- allele
- one of a number of different forms of a gene
- phenotype
- physical charectersitscs of an organism
- gene
- sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus detrmines a trait
- true breeding
- term used to describe organisms that priduce offspring identical to themselves if allows to self pollinate
- homozygous
- term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait
- tetrad
- structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis
- crossing over
- process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis
- multiple allele
- three or more alleles of the same gene
- genotype
- genetic makeup of an organism
- codominance
- situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism
- incomplete dominance
- situation in which one is not completleydominant over another
- Punnett square
- diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a gentic cross
- fertilization
- process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form new cells
- independent assortment
- independant segregationduring the formation of gametes
- homologous
- term used to refer to chromosome that each have a coresponding chrmosome from the opposite sex parent
- probability
- likelihood that a particular event will occur
- hybrid
- offspring of crosses btw parents with different traits
- trait
- specific charecteristic that varies from one indiv. to another
- genetics
- scientific study of heridity