Chem ch 4 and ch 5
Terms
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- atomic emission spectrum
- light of each element separated into discrete lines/patterns
- hertz
- the SI unit of cycles per second
- neutrons
- subatomic particles with no charge
- mass number
- protons+neutrons
- Electromagnetic radiation
- includes radio waves, microwaves, infared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, X-rays, gamma rays
- photons
- light qunata
- aufbau principle
- electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first
- proton
- positively charged subatomic particles
- Dalton's atomic theory
- 1. All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. 2. Atoms of the same element are identical. The atoms of any one element are different from those of another element. 3. Atoms of different elements can physically mix together or can chemically combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compunds. 4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are seperated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms of one element, however, are never changed into atoms of another element as a result of a chemical reaction.
- atomic orbital
- a region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron
- frequency
- number of wave cycles to pass a given point per unit of time
- nucleus
- tiny central core of an atom that is composed of protons and neutrons
- electron configurations
- the ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms
- atomic number
- the number of protons in the nucleus
- Hund's rule
- electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible
- periodic table
- an arrangement of elements in which elements are separated into groups based on repeating properties
- Isotope
- atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
- atom
- the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction
- ground state
- electron has its lowest possible energy
- quantum
- amount of energy for an electron to move from one energy level to another energy level
- Heisenberg uncertainty principle
- it is impossible to know exactly the velocity and position of the particle at the same time
- electron
- negatively charged subatomic particles
- atomic mass unit
- (protons+neutrons)divided by(number of atoms)= X amu
- energy levels
- the fixed energies an electron can have
- quantum mechanical model
- modern description of the electrons in atoms (Shrodinger)
- cathode ray
- the glowing beam (electrons) in J.J. Thomsons experiment when he discovered electrons.
- amplitude
- waves height from 0 to crest
- wavelength
- distance between crests
- pauli exclusion principle
- an atomic orbital may describe at most 3 electrons I^vI^vI