AP Statistics Glossary
Terms
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- alpha
- symbol used to represent the probability of a Type 1 error. Also called the significance level of the hypothesis test. Denoted by the Greek letter alpha.
- alternative hypothesis
- statement that is equivalent to the negation of the null hypothesis, denoted by Hsuba
- beta
- sybol used to represent the probability of a Type 2 Error. Denoted by the Greek letter beta
- biased sample
- a smaple for which some type of systematic error has been made in the selection of subjects for the sample
- binomial experiment
- a probability experiment in which each trialhas only two outcomes, there is a fixed number of trials, the outcomes of the trials are independent, and the probability of success remains the same for each trial.
- bivariate data
- data arranged in pairs
- blinding
- procedure used in experiments whereby the subject doesn't know whether he or she is receiving a treatment or a placebo
- boxplot
- a graphical representation of the five number summary
- categorical data
- data that can be separated into different categories that are distinguished by some nonnumeric characteristic
- census
- collection of data from every element in the population
- central limit theorem
- a theorem that states that as the sample size increases, the shape of the distribution of the sample means taken from the population with mean (come back and edit later)
- cluster sampling
- a sample obtained by dividing the population area into sections (or clusters), then randomly selecting a few of those sections and then choosing ALL of the members of those selected sections
- coefficient of the determinant
- a measure of the variation of the dependent variation that is explained by the regression line and the indpendent variable; the ratio of explained variation to total variation
- complement of an event
-
all outcomes in which the event does not occur
P(~A)=1-P(A) - completely randomized design
- procedure in an experiment whereby each element is given teh same chance of belonging to the different categories or treatments