USAD Social Science
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- What do the letters PRC in China's official name stand for?
- People's Republic of China
- When was the PRC founded?
- 1949
- Which Chinese leader led the "idealist/utopian approach" to policy?
- Mao Zedong
- The "Two Line Struggle" was between the opposing ideologies of which two leaders?
- Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi
- Which Chinese leader led the "pragmatic" approach to policy?
- Liu Shaoqi
- What 1957-1958 movement was a turning point in PRC history?
- Great Leap Forward
- Which 1950's campaign encouraged the Chinese to criticize the CCP?
- Hundred Flowers
- Who was the paramount leader of the early PRC?
- Mao Zedong
- Which dynasty ruled China from 1644 to 1911?
- Qing
- What does the abbreviation for the Taiwanese ROC stand for?
- Republic of China
- Which French philosopher viewed China as static and unchanging?
- Voltaire
- Which dynasty did the "First Emperor" of China found?
- Qin
- Which area of China is considered to be its heartland?
- Yellow River Basin
- Kublai Khan and Ghengis Khan were invaders from which frontier region of China?
- Mongolia
- The name of which city literally means "Northern Capital"?
- Beijing
- Which late 1950's natural disaster led to economic loss and severe human costs?
- famine
- Who was the dominant leader in early PRC history?
- Mao Zedong
- Whose death in 1976 marked the end on an era in PRC History?
- Mao Zedong
- Which Chinese leader was thought to have improved on the works of Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Stalin?
- Mao Zedong
- What was Mao's nickname during the 1970's?
- The Great Helmsman
- Whose image became prominent in badges, stamps, and posters of the 1970's?
- Mao Zedong
- "Radical transformation" was synonymous with which approach to reform in China?
- utopian
- The "gradualist tack" was synonymous with which appraoch to reform in China?
- pragmatic
- Who was the foremost spokesman for the "scientific" strategy of the Chinese Revolution in the 1960s and '70s?
- Mao Zedong
- Which PRC Chairman of the late 1950s and early 1960s was the foremost spokesman for the "gradualists"?
- Liu Shaoqi
- Which lavel did Mao Zedong use to criticize his enemies?
- rightist
- Which form of government forbids private ownership and works toward equality?
- communism
- Which type of government allows only a limited degree of private ownership and accepts slight variations in general economic equality?
- socialism
- Which 1956 revolt threatened the hold of communism in Europe and this in China?
- Hungarian Revolution
- What effect of the GLF resulted in the greatest loss of human life?
- famine
- The name of which city literally means "Southern Capital"?
- Nanjing
- Which dynasty did the invading Manchus oust in 1644?
- Ming
- Which term has come to mean "assimilated into the Chinese system of beliefs and practices"?
- Sinicized
- Central Asians participated in a 1820s-1830s rebellion to free which Chinese region?
- Xinjiang
- Whom did the Boxers call "secondary devils"?
- Chinese Christians
- Which city did foreign armies occupy and loot after the Boxer Rebellion?
- Beijing
- Which widespread custom affecting Chinese women did nineteenth-century reformers want to end?
- binding of women's feet
- Which ethnic group did Hong Xiuquan represent?
- Hakka
- Before becoming a leader of the Taiping Uprising, Hong worked as a __________.
- tutor
- Which rebel leader was inspired by his hallucinations that he struggled to interpret?
- Hong Xiuquan
- Hong Xiuquan claimed to be the younger brother of ________.
- Jesus Christ
- Which school of thought focuses on the "need to minimize and eventually overcome class differences"?
- Marxism
- After the GLF, how did the Chinese communicate their economic goals and strategies?
- through Five Year Plans and mass campaigns
- What, according the utopian thinkers, would compensate economically for China's low level of development?
- its huge population
- During which era had the CCP honed its propaganda techiniques a\\\\used after the GLF?
- during the Republican Era
- What did the APC stand for in the 1950s?
- Agricultural Production Cooperative
- What was a primary goal of "agricultural collectivization"?
- increasing crop yields
- Which group was purged as a result of the Hundred Flowers Movement?
- members of the rightist intellectuals
- What was the "paper tiger" according to Mao Zedong?
- atom bomb
- Which technological accomplishment of 1957 increased the global prestige of the USSR?
- Sputnik
- Who was the most powerful Soviet leader for 1953-1964 during the Sputnik era?
- Nikita Khrushchev
- Which two harbors did China bomb in 1958 to test the intentions of the Soviet Union?
- Quemoy and Matsu
- In the context of the ongoing conflict between the USSR and the PRC, which Soviet leader voiced his support of the Chinese Communist claim to the Nationalist-controlled island in letter to President Eisenhower in 1959?
- Nikita Khrushchev
- Whom did Hong Xuiquan's hallucinations reveal the Manchus to be?
- devils in human form
- Whose nineteenth-century Chinese ideology embraced gender equality and abstinence from sex?
- Hong Xiuquan
- In the early 1850s, the Taipings took control of which river valley?
- Yangzi
- The Taiping Kingdom was about the size of which present-day European country?
- France
- The Qing used the regional armies led by ________ to bolster their response to the Taipings.
- Self-Strengtheners
- Which criteria for selecting officials did the Qing abolish after the Boxer Uprising?
- civil service examinations
- During most of the Warlord Era, who held the official presidency?
- Yuan Shikai
- What prevented the Chinese republic in the 1910s and 1920s from being a true "republic"?
- the lack of meaningful elections
- The Nationalist Party of Sun Zhongshan was a revamped version of which previous organization?
- Revolutionary Alliance
- What was one of the most important publications of the New Culture Movement?
- Xin Qingnian (New Youth)
- Proponents of the New Culture Movement supported a shift in which important Confucian value?
- veneration of elders
- The rumblings of the New Culture ideology were intensified because of the unfair treatment of China at the 1919 ___________.
- Paris Peace Conference
- What did the Chinese call the combined Nationalist and Communist force of 1924 - 1926?
- First United Front
- According to tradition, who wrote The Way and the Power Classic (Daodejing)?
- Laozi
- Zi Lu was a famous disciple of which religious philosopher?
- Confucius
- The idea of Confucian "jen" parallels which American adage?
- the Golden Rule
- Who was the first Sui dynasty emperor to use Buddhism to legitimize his right to rule?
- Wendi
- Which Tang dynasty emperor bestowed military authority on eunuchs, thus altering the power balance in the imperial Chinese court?
- Emperor Xianzong
- Which British monarch reigned during the height of the Opium War hostilities?
- Queen Victoria
- The Second Opium War pitted China against Britain and __________.
- France
- Which cousins led the expeditionary force during the first phase of the Opium War?
- Charles and George Elliott
- Where did Sun Zhongshan found his revolutionary organization in 1895?
- Honolulu, Hawaii
- What was the Chinese name for Sun Zhongshan's Revolutionary Alliance?
- Tongmeng hui
- Where in the United States did Sun Zhongshan conduct a lot of fundraising?
- Hawaii
- Which group emerged victorious from the Chinese Civil War in 1948?
- Communists
- What was the common nickname for the Chinese Communist People's Liberation Army?
- Red Army
- What is the capital of the PRC?
- Beijing
- In 1949, what percentage of China was rural?
- 80 percent
- In the mid-twentieth century, which labels did the CCP use to describe rural landlords and village powerbrokers?
- evil gentry, local bullies
- In the mid-twentieth century which label did the CCP use to describe landless agricultural laborers who rented property or worked for hire?
- poor peasants
- Which term did the CCP use to describe agriculturalists who owned land and earned money from the work of hired laborers?
- rich peasants
- Which term did the CCP use to describe rural folks who owned land but also rented land to increase their holdings?
- middle peasants
- One of the major goals of CCP reform of the early 1950s was ________.
- land reform
- Which ideology valued the working classes and considered the bourgeoisie to be immoral exploiters?
- Marxism
- What color was used to describe Chinese who were supportive of CCP revolutionary goals?
- red
- What term did the CCP use to describe the process of "integrating a region into the PRC"?
- liberating
- The term "xiaoshu minzu" referred to __________.
- national minorities
- Which frontier zone has a name that literally means "New Dominion" or "New Frontier"?
- Xinjiang
- Which policy of Jin Shuren did the various ethnic groups of Xinjiang find particularly offensive?
- Sinicization
- Which Xinjiang tax did the CCP eliminate in the early 1950s?
- Islamic land tax that funded mosques
- In 1955, a CCP leader of which ethnic descent began to exert the most control of the Xinjiang Ulghur Autonomous Region?
- Han
- Leaders from which religious group ruled Tibet during the 1920s?
- Tibetan Buddhism
- What political label did the CCP give to Inner Mongolia when it took control of it in 1947?
- "autonomous region"
- Which country exerted the most control over Outer Mongolia in the early 1950s?
- Russia
- Which group of settlers did the CCP encourage to move to Outer Mongolia in the 1950s?
- Han settlers
- The term "entrepot," as used to describe Hong Kong, means
- a trading and shipping center
- When was Hong Kong finally integrated into the PRC?
- 1997
- In 1949, 25 percent of the population of Taiwan was made up of people from __________.
- mainland China
- Which political party controlled Taiwan after 1949?
- GMD
- Against which power was the 1954 Taiwan-U.S. Mutual Defense Treaty primarily directed?
- CCP
- Trade in which commodity became an important source of economic growth for Macao?
- gold
- After the PRC takeover in 1949, what were the new group of migrants to Macao called?
- refugee entrepreneurs
- What CCP strategy publicized policies and facilitated compliance with party practice?
- mass campaigns
- What did the traditional Chinese often call their "legal wives of lesser status"?
- concubines
- What replaced pictures of lineage ancestors at PRC weddings?
- picture of Chairman Mao
- Which term describes the practice of requiring that husbands and wives reside and raise children in the village where the husbands were born?
- patrilocality
- Which label for underdeveloped nations in Africa and Latin America became popular in the 1950s?
- Third World Countries
- According to the UN Security Council, who was the aggressor nation in the Korean War?
- North Korea
- Under which auspices did the U.S. enter Korea in 1950?
- as part of a 15-nation United Nation multinational
- The Soviet ambassador to the UN did not veto the resolution to send UN troops to Korea because he was absent in protest of ___________.
- the Security Council's refusal to grant a place to the PRC
- China responded immediately to the landing of United Nations forces at __________.
- Inchon
- Which world leader died in 1953 in the midst of negotiations to end the Korean War?
- Stalin
- Where was the U.S. Seventh Fleet stationed during the Korean War?
- Taiwan Straits
- Which two Chinese parties competed for power after World War II?
- Nationalists and Communists
- At the beginning of the Chinese Civil War of the late 1940s, which faction seemed to hold a clear advantage?
- Nationalists
- Beginning in the late 1940s, what was the military arm of the Chinese Communists called?
- People's Liberation Army
- Which faction in the Chinese Civil War received the most support from the United States government?
- Nationalists
- What become the base of operations of Jiang Jieshi in the late 1940s?
- Taiwan
- Who became the Chinese premier and foreign minister in October 1949?
- Zhou Enlai