U.S. History Vocab
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- executive branch
- the branch of government that enforces the laws
- master
- a skilled artisan who owned a business and employed others
- Land Ordinance of 1785
- a law that set up a plan for surveying land west of the appalachian mountains
- Roger Sherman
- delegate who developed the great compromise
- confederation
- a loose alliance of states
- Treaty of Tordesillas
- agreement between spain and portugal to explore different lands
- Sojourner Truth
- former slave who became an abolitionist and womens right activist
- nuclear family
- household made up of a mother and father and their and their children
- Proclamation of 1763
- law limiting the area of english settlement
- Inca
- Native American people that around a.d. 1400 created an empire reaching nearly 2500 miles along the west coast of South America
- Kashaya Pomo
- Native American people that formerly inhabited the coastal marshlands of what is now California
- Edmond Genet
- french diplomat who tried to get american support against the british
- Valley Forge
- place where washingtons army spent the winter of 1777-1778
- John Tyler
- tenth president
- John Wintrop
- leader of the first settlers at Massachusetts Bay Colony
- cabinet
- chief advisers of the president
- Stono Rebellion
- a 1739 slave rebellion in charleston SC
- Benin
- west african kingdom that flourished in the NIger Delta region from the 14th to the 17th century
- King George III
- king of england druing the american revolution
- Maya
- native american people whose civ. flourished in Guatemala and the Yucatan Peninsula between about a.d. 250 and 900
- conqueistadores
- spanish explorer
- hierarchy
- Social ordering by rank or class
- triangular trade
- the parttern of shipping trade across the atlantic
- cult of domesticity
- social customs that restricted women to caring for the house
- Judiciary Act of 1801
- law that increased the number of federal judges by sixteen
- Separatist
- members of a puritan group who established their own congregations
- armistice
- end to fighting the war
- inflation
- rise in the price of goods
- Martin Van Buren
- eighth president
- war hawks
- one who favors war
- Aztec
- native american people that settled in teh Valley of Mexico in the 1200s a.d. and later developed a powerful empire
- journeyman
- skilled worker employed by a master
- gag rule
- a rule limiting debate on an issue
- George Washington
- led Virginia troops in first battle of the French and Indian War
- republicanism
- the idea that governments should be based on the consent of the people
- Dorothea Dix
- reformer who worked for improved treatment of the metally ill
- reformation
- split in the christian church that led to protestantism
- lineage
- group of people descended from a common ancestor
- Tecumseh
- shawnee chief who formed native american confederation to fight americans
- plantation
- a large farm on which the labor of slaves or others workers is used to grow a single crop sucah as sugar cane or cotton
- emancipation
- the freeing of slaves
- Republicans
- jeffersons plitical party and ancestors of todays democratic party
- Taino
- native americans who lived where columbus first landed
- Seneca Falls convention
- convention held in 1848 to argue for womens rights
- mestizo
- person of mixed spanish and native american descent
- Treaty of Ghent
- treaty that ended the war of 1812
- Pontiac
- Native American leader who fought the british
- blockade
- sealing ports to prevent other ships from entering or leaving
- Olmec
- native american people whose civ. flourished in what is now southern mexico in the period 1200-400b.c.
- checks and balances
- powers given to seperate branches of government to keep any one from getting too much power
- spoils system
- system in which incoming political parties throw out former government workers and replace them with their own friends
- Juan Ponce de Leon
- conquistador who explored present day florida
- Sugar Act
- law passed by parliament to try to raise money
- Democratic Republican Party
- party started by jacksons followers
- Charles G. Finney
- an important preacher in the revivalist movement
- Boston Massacre
- conflict between colonists and british soldiers in which four colonists were killed
- legislative branch
- the branch of government that makes laws
- Sacajawea
- native american woman who served as a guide an interpreter for the lewis and clark expedition
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787
- law that organized the northwest territories
- Little Turtle
- native american leader who led native american confederacy against americans in the battle of fallen timbers
- Islam
- a religion founded in Arabia in a.d. 622 by the prophet Muhammad; its believers are called Muslims
- Panic of 1837
- a series of financial failures that led to an economic depression
- committees of correspondence
- a network of communication set up in massachusetts and virginia to inform other colonies of ways that britain threatened colonial rights
- Kwakiutl
- Native American people taht formerly inhabited the northwestern coastal region of North America
- John Quincy Adams
- sixthe president of the united states
- middle passage
- the voyage that brought slaves to america
- Eli Whitney
- inventor of interchangeable parts and the cotton gin
- sectionalism
- practice of placing the interests of one region over those of the nation as a whole
- Iroquois
- a group of native american peoples inhabiting the woodlands of the northeast
- protective tariff
- tax on imported goods to protect domestic business
- ratification
- official approval of the constitution
- judicial review
- the power of judges to declare a law unconstitutional
- Boston Tea Party
- protest against increased tea prices in which colonists dumped british tea into boston harbor
- Pope
- pueblo religious leader who led an uprising against the spanish
- Pueblo
- a group of Native American peoples descendeants of the Anasazi inhabiting the deserts of the southwest
- William Henry Harrison
- native american leader
- Aaron Burr
- democratic republican and running amte of thomas jefferson in the 1800 election
- Anasazi
- native american group that lived on the mesa tops, cliff sides, and canyon bottoms of the Four Corners region from about a.d.100 to 1300
- John Marshall
- chief justice of the supreme court
- Ralph Waldo Emerson
- leading transcendental philosopher
- Federalist Papers
- essays written by the federalist leaders that defended the constitution
- Songhai
- an empire that, at the height of its power in the 1500s, controlled much of west africa
- judicial branch
- the branch of government that interprets the law and the constitution
- Shays's Rebellion
- anti-tax protest by farmers
- Hernando Cortes
- conquistador who defeated the aztecs
- midnight judges
- judge appointed to the supreme court by president adams late on the last day of his administration
- Hohokam
- Native American group that lived in the valleys of the Salt and Gila rivers from about 300 b.c. to a.d.1400
- Erie Canal
- canal that connected the great lakes with the atlantic ocean
- William Henry Harrison
- ninth president
- profiteering
- selling goods that are difficult to come by for a profit
- National Road
- a federally funded road stretching from cumberland maryland to vandalia illinois
- Kongo
- group of small kingdoms along the Zaire River in West-Central Africa, united under a single leader in the late 1400s
- mass production
- the making of goods in large amounts
- Andrew Jackson
- general who led american forces in battle of new orleans
- Dominion of the New England-Sir Edmund Adros
- a huge colony formed by the King of England, which included land from southern Maine to New Jersey
- apprenticet
- a worker learning a trade or craft usually under the supervision of a master
- interchangeable parts
- standardized parts that can be used in place of another
- savanna
- a dry grassland dotted with trees and bushes, found in sub-Saharan Africa and other tropical or subtropical regions
- encomienda
- brutal spanish system of using native americans for labor
- antebellum
- pre civil war
- George Grenville
- Financial expert who was appointed prime minister of britain in 1763
- excise tax
- tax on goods produced within the country
- mercantilism
- theory that conuntries should acquire gold and focus on exporting goods and owning colonies
- cash crop
- a crop grown for sale rather than for the farmers use
- martial law
- rule by the military
- embargo
- a ban on exporting goods to other countries
- Henry David Thoreau
- author of Walden who practiced ideas of transcendentalism
- James Madison
- one of the leaders of the constitutional convetion
- electoral college
- a group selected to elect the president in which each stats number of electors is equal to the number of its senators representatives in congress
- William Pitt
- British leader in the French and Indian War
- republic
- a government in which the people elect representatives to govern
- John Jacy
- negotiated a treaty with britain over territory
- Prince Henry
- Portuguese prince who started a school for sailors and sponsored early voyages of exploration
- Samuel Adams
- one of the founders of the sons of liberty
- Columbian Exchange
- early trade across the atlantic ocean