HISTORY (chapters 19-21)
Terms
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- Progressivism
- the view that the government should help solve urban problems
- Special Commitee
- 15 people who choose Hayes as the president during the 1876 election
- Laissez-faire
- the view that the government should not be involved with the economy
- Robert M. Hartley
- NY Association of Improving Condition of the Poor, warm milk laws
- Grant's Presidency
- 1868-1876
- McKinley Tariff
- 1890, raised the tariff
- Election of 1892
- James B. Weaver (populist) vs. Harrison (rep) vs. Cleveland (dem),Cleveland wins
- Cleveland's 1st term
- stopped civil war pensions, lowered the tariff, Farmers Aid Bill
- Farmer's Alliances
- National Farmers Alliance, National Colored Farmers, formed coopratives
- Irish and Germans
- Old Immigrants
- Chester A. Arthur
- ran as VP for Garfield, became president after Garfield was killed, could be traced to grantism
- Coxey's March
- 1894, Jacob Coxey (populist from Missouri) walks from Kansas City to D.C. to protest the non-response of the government to the Panic of 1893, helped the populists a lot politicaly
- Populists
- formed by farmers, wanted a reduced tariff, a graduated income tax, government control of the railroads, extension of the money supply (free silver), included Blacks (which hurt them)
- Election of 1876
- James B. Tilden (d), Rutherford B. Hayes (r), Peter Cooper (greenback), lots of argument over voting outcome
- James Giteau
- shot Garfield after not recieving a job he wanted
- Immigration from 1890-1920
- 20 million "new immigrants"
- Panic of 1893
- caused by the collapse of the railroad industry (100 went bankrupt), unemployment rate 20-25%, government did nothing except lower the tarriff
- New Immigrants
- east, southern europe
- Pendleton Act
- 1883, enacted civil service reform, said the Civil Service Exam must be taken in order to recieve most government jobs (highest scores got the jobs), banned federal employees from giving campaign money to their party
- Electric Street Cars
- marked the end of walking cities, the reason for downtowns, revolutionized transportation
- Thomas Nast
- drew a political cartoon about Boss Tweed
- Social Gospel
- middle class was responsible because they turn their backs, Gladen, Raushenhauch
- James G. Blaine
- republican canidate in the 1884 election, supported patronige
- Josiah Strong
- thought america was doomed because of immigrants
- Charity Organizing Society
- Josephine Shaw Lowell, self sufficiency
- Children's Aid Society
- Charles, Loring Bracer, tried to keep kids out of gangs, shipped kids away from cities
- Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall
- NYC government, corruption, loved by poor people
- Election of 1884
- republicans still split, James G. Blaine (rep)vs. Grover Cleveland (dem), Cleveland wins
- Bland Allison Act
- intended to get more money into circulation, vetoed by Hayes and then overridden
- Credit Mobiliere Scandal
- government scandal, forced Schuyler Colfex (VP) to resign, had to do with transcontinental railroad
- Richard Warren Sears and Aaron Montgomery Ward
- published the first catalogs
- Women's Christian Temperance Union
- W.C.T.U., "Lemonade Lucy" (wife of the president) a member, first mass organization of women
- Civil Service Reform
- said no more patronige, supported by Arthur, resulted in the passing of the Pendleton Act
- 10 million "old immigrants"
- Immigration from 1860-1890
- William Seward
- secretary of state to Grant
- Election of 1880
- Winfield Hancock (dem) vs. James Garfield (rep), republicans split (compromised and made Arthur VP),Garfield wins
- Mugwumps
- republicans who supported Cleveland (dem) in the 1884 Election because he was a reformer
- NY Society for the Suppression of Vice
- Anthony Comstock
- Conspicuous Consumption
- said that the rich spent money only to show they had it
- Harrison's Term
- pensions and health care for veterans raised, Mckinley Tariff
- "Rum Romanism Rebellion"
- famous anti-immigrant speech by James G. Blaine
- City Vigilance League
- Charles Parkhurs, thought morality could be legislated
- Farmer's Aid Bill
- vetoed by Cleveland because it was thought to be too socialistic
- A&P
- america's first nationwide chain
- Whiskey Ring
- big scandal, supposed to insure taxes on whiskey were paid but they took bribes to charge less, dozens convicted
- Election of 1888
- Benjamin Harrison (rep) vs. Cleveland (dem), Harrison wins
- Greenbacks
- economic protest party, wanted an increase in the money supply