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govt: ch. 3

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
checks and balances
a system where each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks (restraints) by the other branches
Constitutionalism
the principle where the government must be conducted according to constitutional principles
federalism
the division of power among a central government and several regional governments
first method of formal amendment:
amendment can be passed with 2/3 vote in each house of Congress and be ratified by 3/4 of the State legislatures
formal amendment
changes or additions that become part of a written language of the Constitution itself
fourth method of formal amendment:
amendment may be propsed by a national convention and ratified by conventions in 3/4 of the States
How can executive branch check judicial?
President appoints Supreme Court justices and other federal judges
How can executive branch check legislative?
President can veto legislation, call special sessions, recommend legislation, appeal to the people
How can judicial branch check executive?
Judgess are appointed for life and free from executive control; courts can declare executive actions to be unconstitutional
How can judicial branch check legislative?
Courts can declare acts of Congress to be unconstitutional
How can legislative branch check executive?
Congress can override veto with 2/3 vote, may remove President through impeachment
How can legislative branch check judicial?
Congress can remove judges through impeachment
How is the Constitution organized?
Has an introduction (Preamble) and the balance of the original document is divided into seven articles, then followed by 27 amendments
judicial review
the power of courts to determine whether what government does is in accord with what the Constituion provides / the power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action
rule of law
the concept of limited government, which holds that government and its officers are always subject to - never above - the law
second method of formal amendment:
amendment can be proposed by congress and then ratified by conventions in 3/4 of the States. (only the 21st amendment was adopted this way)
separation of powers
the concept that basic powers are distributed - separated - among 3 distinct and independent branches of the government
The Constitution is built around 6 basic principles:
popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, and federalism
The Constitution was written in ____ and took effect in ____.
1787; 1789
The first 3 articles of the Constitution deal with ___
the 3 branches of the National Government: Congress, the presidency, and the federal court system. They outline the basic organization and powers of each branch and the methods by which the members of Congres, the President and Vice President, and federal
The process of constitutional change has come about in 2 basic ways:
formal amendment and by informal means
third method of formal amendment:
amendment can be proposed by a national convention (called by Congress at the request of 2/3 of State legislatures)
unconstitutional
declared illegal, null and void, of no force and effect
veto
reject

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