Psychology Terms Ch. 9
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- confirmation bias
- the tendency to accept one hypothesis and then look for evidence to support it, instead of considering other possibilities
- heuristics
- strategies for simplifying a problem or for guiding an investigation
- cognition
- the processes of thinking, gaining knowledge, and dealing with knowledge
- change blindness
- the tendency to fail to detect changes in any part of a scene to which we are not focusing our attention
- critical thinking
- the careful evaluation of evidence for and against any conclusion
- algorithm
- a mechanical, repetitive procedure for solving a problem
- fixation
- a period when the eyes are steady
- availability heuristic
- the strategy of assuming that how easily one can remember examples of some kind of even indicates how common the event actually is
- attention
- the active cognitive processing of a limited amount of info from the vast amount of info available through the senses, in memory and through cognitive processes
- functional fixedness
- the tendency to adhere to a single approach to a problem or a single way of using an item
- morpheme
- a unit of meaning
- framing effect
- the tendency to answer a question differently when it is framed (phrased) differently
- language acquisition devise
- a built-in mechanism for acquiring language
- Broca's aphasia
- a condition characterized by inarticulate speech and by difficulties with both using and understanding grammatical devices prepositions, conjunctions, word endings, complex sentence structures, and so forth
- attentive process
- a procedure that extracts info from one part of the visual field at a time
- bilingual
- able to use two languages about equally well
- overconfidence
- the belief that one's opinions or predictions are highly correct when in fact they are not
- attentional blink
- a brief period after perceiving a stimulus, during which it is difficult to attend to another stimulus
- base-rate information
- data about the frequency or probability of a given item