psych chapter 10
Terms
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- aptitude test
- a test designed to measure a person's capacity to learn certain things or perform certain tasks
- cognitive ability
- the capacity to reason, remember, understand, solve problems and make decisions
- test
- a systematic procedure for observing behaviour in a standard situation and describing it with the help of a numerical scale or a category system
- fluid intelligence
- the basic power of reasoning and problem solving
- reliability
- the degree to which a test can be repeated with the same results
- triarchic theory of intelligence
- Robert Sternberg's theory that describes intelligence as having analytic, creative and practical dimensions
- achievement test
- a measure of what a person has accomplished or learned in a particular area
- convergent thinking
- the ability to apply logic and knowledge to narrow down the number of possible solutions to a problem or perform some other complex cognitive task
- intelligence quotient (IQ) score
- an index of intelligence that reflects the degree to which a person's score on an intelligence test deviates from the average score of others in the same age group
- crystallized intelligence
- the specific knowledge gained as a result of applying fluid intelligence
- IQ test
- a test designed to measure intelligence on an objective, standardized scale.
- s
- a group of special abilities that Charles Spearman saw as accompanying general intelligence (g)
- information-processing approach
- an approach to the study of intelligence that focuses on mental operations, such as attention and memory, that underlie intelligent behaviour
- metacognition
- the knowledge of what strategies to apply, when to apply them, and how to use them in new situations
- stanford-binet
- a test for determining a person's intelligence quotient, or IQ
- g
- a general intelligence factor that Charles Spearman postulated as accounting for positive correlations between people's scores on all sorts of cognitive ability tests
- divergent thinking
- the ability to think along many alternative paths to generate many different solutions to a problem
- multiple intelligences
- eight semi-independent kinds of intelligence postulated by Howard Gardner
- validity
- the degree to which test scores are interpreted correctly and used appropriately
- creativity
- the capacity to produce new, high-quality ideas or products
- norm
- a description of the frequency at which particular scores occur, allowing scores to be compared statistically
- intelligence
- those attributes that centre around skill at information processing , problem solving, and adapting to new or changing situations
- psychometric approach
- a way of studying intelligence that emphasizes analysis of the products of intelligence, especially scores on intelligence tests.