Module 18: Oxygenation
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Myocardial Ischemia
- results when the supply of blood to the myocardium from the coronary arteries is insufficient to meet myocardial oxygen demands
- Hypoventilation
- occurs when alveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet the body's oxygen demand or to eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide
- Chest Tube
- catheter inserted through the thorax to remove air and fluids from the pleural space or to reestablish normal intrapleural and intrapulmonic pressure
- Orthopnea
- condition in which patient must use multiple pillows when lying fown or must sit with the arms elevated and leaning foreward to breath
- Incentive Spirometry
- encourages voluntary deep breathing by providing visual feedback to clients about inspiratory volume
- Dysrhythmias
- deviation from the normal sinus heart rhythm
- Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)
- normal sequence on the ECG
- Dyspnea
- difficulty breathing
- Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation
- helps the client to acheive and maintain an optimal level of health through controlled physical exercise, nutrition counseling, ect
- Hypoxia
- inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level
- Expiration
- passive process that depends on the elastic recoil properties of the lungs
- Cardiac Index
- more precise measure and takes into consideration tissue perfusion and the client's body sirface area
- Nebulization
- adds moisture to medications or inspired air by mixing particles of varying sizes with the air
- Ventilation
- process of moving gases into and out of the lungs.
- Diaphragmatic Breathing
- more difficult and requires the client to relax intercostal and accessory respiratory muscles while taking deep inspirations
- Hemoptysis
- bloody sputum
- Hemothorax
- accumulation of blood anf fluid in the pleural cavity between the parietal and visceral pleurae
- Humidification
- process of adding water to gas
- Hypovolemia
- Conditions such as shock and severe dehydration cause extracellular fluid loss and reduced circulating blood volume
- Bronchoscopy
- tube placed down the wind pipe
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- used to establish Airway, initiate Breathing, and maintain Circulation (ABC's)
- Myocardial Infarction (MI)
- sudden decreases in coronary blood flow or an increase in myocardial oxygen demand without adequate coronary perfusion.
- Diffusion
- process for the exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and the capillaries of the body tissues
- Cardiac Output
- amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle each minute CO=SV x HR
- Postural Drainage
- component of pulmonary hygiene; consists of grainage, positioning, and turning.
- Stroke Volume
- amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each contraction
- afterload
- resistance to left ventricular ejection
- Preload
- end-diastolic volume ventricles stretch
- Angina Pectoris
- transient imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. Causes chest pains
- Hyperventilation
- state of ventilation in excess of that required to eliminate the carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- reflects the electrical activity of the conduction system. Monitors regularity and path of the electrical impulse
- Chest Physiotherapy (CPT)
- group of therapies used to mobilize pulmonary secretions
- Wheezing
- high-pitched musical sound caused by high-velocity movement of air through a narrowed airway
- Pursed-Lip Breathing
- Involves deep inspiration and prolonged expiration through pursed lips to prevent alveolar collapse
- Inspiration
- active process stimulated by chemical receptors in the aorta
- Hematemesis
- bloody drainage from GI tract
- Pnemothorax
- collection of air in the pleural space
- Nasal Cannula
- simple, comfortable device used for oxygen delivery