Ancient Greece
Terms
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- Persian Wars
- A series of wars in which Greek city-states battled the Persian Empire.
- Solon
- An athenian leader who abolished debt slavery and helped the poor out
- Pisistratus
- Tyrant who took land from nobles and gave it to the peasants, reduced privileges of the nobles
- Peloponnesian Wars
- Wars between Athens and Sparta.
- Plato
- Was tutored by Socrates and wrote his things down after his death. Started the Academy where Aristotle went.
- Pericles
- He was the central ruler of Athens. He was the central patron behind many of their achievements. He was also a very skilled speaker.
- Hellenistic Age
- The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence persisted until spread of Islam. (137)
- Sparta
- an ancient greek city-state where everything was ran by military importance.
- Athens
- An ancient greek city-state, the center of culture and was ran by democracy.
- Socrates
- Famous philosopher, never wrote anything down; urged rational reflection of moral decisions.
- Cleisthenes
- created a council of 500 and helped Athenian democracy.
- Archon
- A chief in the democracy of Athens.
- Hoplite
- A early Greek military system.
- Phalanx
- A tight military formation with men lined up.
- Homer
- Ancient Greek poet who wrote Iliad and the Odyssey.
- Thucydides
- ancient Greek historian remembered for his history of the Peloponnesian War (460-395 BC)
- Hellenic Culture
- The specific artifacts of the ancients as well as the ideas and ideals of democracy, beauty and balance.
- Acropolis
- Greek polis built around a fort on a high hill.
- Helots
- people that were captured by invasion and were then turned into slaves.
- Herodotus
- Wrote about the Persian war.
- Ephors
- a group of five official that help govern Sparta.
- Aristotle
- wrote more than 200 books from politics to astronomy; made Lyceum and Assembly, one of the greatest Athenian philosopher.
- Polis
- a city-state
- Monarchy
- To be ruled by one person.
- Aristocracy
- government by nobility, privileged class.
- Delian League
- The alliance that the Athens started to defeat the Persians.
- Democracy
- form of government literally ran by the people.
- Ostracism
- The process for temporarily banning ambitious politicains from the city by popular vote.
- Dorian Invasion
- Came from North and conquered Laconia...turned conquered people into slaves (called Helots) with a brutal control system.
- Tyranny
- Governmented by one who gets the power by force.
- Oligarchy
- ruled by a few people
- Alexander the Great
- Was tutored by Aristotle; spread of Hellenism is greatest achievement
- Minoans
- civilization that lived on the island Crete, in the Agennean sea. It was the earliest Greek civilization.
- Mycenaeans
- People that invaded many kingdoms surrounding them. Invaded the Minoans.