unit 2 vocab
Terms
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- Tariffs
- a government tax on imports or exports
- Nat Turner
- was an American slave whose slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, was the most remarkable instance of black resistance to enslavement
- Urbanization
- the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban
- Seneca Falls
- the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written
- Domestic Policy
- it consists of all government policy decisions, programs, and actions that primarily deal with internal matters, as opposed to relations with other nation-states. Major areas of domestic policy include tax policy, social security and welfare programs, environmental laws, and regulations on businesses and their practices
- Abolition
- the legal prohibition and ending of slavery
- Sherman's March to the Sea
- conducted in late 1864 by Sherman of the Union Army during the American Civil War. The campaign began with Sherman's troops leaving the captured city of Atlanta, Georgia, on November 15, 1864, and ended with the capture of the port of Savannah on December 22
- Kansas-Nebraska Act
- a law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery
- Underground Railroad
- a network of peoplew ho helped thousands of enslaved people escape to the North by providing transportation and hiding places
- Nationalism
- a sense of pride and devotion to a nation; a belief that exalts one's own nation above all others
- Popular Sovereignty
- the idea that political authority belongs to the people
- Monroe Doctrine
- President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility
- Industrial Revolution
- a period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700's
- Annexation
- incorporation by joining or uniting
- Cotton Gin
- A machine that separates the seeds, seed hulls, and other small objects from the fibers of cotton: enlarged slavery
- William Lloyd Garrison
- was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer. He is best known as the editor of the radical abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator, and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society
- Fort Sumter
- the first battle of the Civil War; surrendered by the Union on April 14, 1861
- Bleeding Kansas
- was a sequence of violent events involving Free-Staters (anti-slavery) and pro-slavery "Border Ruffians" elements that took place in Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri between roughly 1854 and 1858 attempting to influence whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free or slave state
- Andrew Johnson
- was the seventeenth President of the United States: ook charge of Presidential Reconstruction — the first phase of Reconstruction
- Jefferson Davis
- was an American politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 during the American Civil War
- Dred Scott Decision
- was a lawsuit, pivotal in the history of the United States, decided by the United States Supreme Court in 1857 that ruled that people of African descent, whether or not they were slaves, could never be citizens of the United States, and that Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories. It was also ruled that slaves could not sue in court, and that slaves were private property, and, being private property, can't be taken away from their owners without due process
- Foreign Policy
- a set of goals that seeks to outline how that particular country will interact with other countries of the world and, to a lesser extent, non-state actors. Foreign policies generally are designed to help protect a country's national interests, national security, ideological goals, and economic prosperity
- Compromise of 1850
- Henry Clay's proposed agreement that allowed California to enter the Union as a gree state and divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into two territories where slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty
- Know-Nothings
- a mid-1800's secret anti-Irish fraternal organization, so-called because its members, when asked about their group's activities, answered by saying "I know nothing"; later known as the American Political Party
- Border States
- refer to attempts during the interbellum to unite the countries that had won their independence from Imperial Russia due to the Russian Revolution, the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and ultimately the defeat of Imperial Germany in World War I. The policy aimed at a united defense against the threat of Communist expansionism and World Revolution.
- Expansion
- the act or process of expanding
- Reform
- A change for the better; an improvement
- Tenements
- poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived
- Missouri Compromise
- an agreement proposed by Henry Clay that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state and outlawed slavery in any territories or states north
- Manifest Destiny
- a belief shared by many Americans in the mid-1800's that the US should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean
- Sectionalism
- a devotion to the interests of one geographic region over the interests of the country as a whole
- Lincoln-Douglas Debates
- a series of debates between Republican Abraham Lincoln and Democrat Stephen Douglas during the 1858 US Senate campaign in Illinois
- Fredrick Douglass
- was an American abolitionist, editor, orator, author, statesman and reformer: an escaped slave
- Emancipation Proclamation
- an order issued by President Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January1, 1863
- Nullification Crisis
- a sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by the attempt by the state of South Carolina to nullify a federal law passed by the United States Congress: outcome-->the Great Compromise
- Fugitive Slave Act
- a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders