Revolutions in Russia
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- Who were the proletariat and what did they believe?
- They were the working class and they thought the factory workers were going to rise up and overthrow the government and form a "dictatorship of the proletariat."
- Name several of the crises that led to the revolution.
- Alexander III imposed strict censorship codes on published materials and written documents, including private letters, his secret police watched secondary schools and universities, he oppressed other national groups within Russia and made Russian the official language and forbade the use of minority language in schools. He made Jews the target of persecution.
- What is a pogrom?
- Organized violence against Jews.
- Who were the Bolsheviks and what did they believe?
- They were the more radical party from the Marxists and supported a small number of committed revolutionaries willing to sacrifice everything for change.
- Who were the Czar and Czarina of Russia during the Russian Revolution?
- Czar Nicholas II and Czarina Alexandra.
- What role did Rasputin play in the demise of the Romanovs?
- Czarina Alexandra allowed him to make key political decisions after he healed Alexis' hemophilia. He obtained powerful positions for his friends and opposed reform measures.
- Who were the Mensheviks and what did they believe?
- They were a party from the Russian Marxists and were more moderate. They wanted a broad base of popular support for the revolution.
- What was the March Revolution?
- A general uprising which forced Czar Nicholas II to abdicate his throne. It succeeded in bringing down the czar but failed to set up a strong government to replace his regime.
- How did the Communist government prevent nationalism from threatening the new state created by the Revolution?
- Lenin organized Russia into several self-governing republics under the central government.
- What problems did Lenin face after the revolution?
- War and revolution destroyed the Russian economy. Trade was at a standstill. Industrial production dropped, and many skilled workers fled to other countries.
- Why did industrialization lead to unrest in Russia?
- Rapid industrialization caused discontent among the people, the growth of factories brought new problems, poor working conditions, really low wages, child labor, outlawed trade unions.
- Why did Kerensky's decision to continue fighting the war cost him the support of the people?
- As the war dragged on, conditions inside Russia worsened: angry peasants demanded land; city workers grew more radical, socialist revolutionaries formed soviets.