Ch. 7
Terms
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- Vandals
- Germanic tribe called Franks who threatened invasion to the empire
- consuls
- chief executives elected to run government, command army, and appoint dictators; veto power
- patricians
- powerful landowners who controlled the government; nobles who inherited their power
- patriarchs
- bishops of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem (cities that were the center of the Church)
- praetors
- elected to help consuls, commanded armies in times of war and oversaw legal system in times of peace
- checks and balances
- principle of division of power; prevents any one part of the government from becoming too powerful
- Tacitus
- great Roman historian who wrote Annals, a history of Rome under the Judio-Claudian emperors
- tribunes
- elected by assemblies; had some power over actions by the Senate and other public officials
- Gracchi
- two brothers Tiberius and Gauis Gracchus, who saw the need to reform in the Roman Republic
- censors
- registered citizens according to their wealth, appointed candidates to the Senate, and oversaw the moral conduct of all citizens
- inflation
- a rise in prices caused by a decrease in the value of money
- Lucius Cornelius Sulla
- elected consul in 88 BC, after his term expired he wanted to take a military command that promised to gain him great fame and fortune
- Plutarch
- a Greek who wrote Parallel Lives, a collection of Greek and Roman biographies
- Ovid
- Roman poet who wrote love lyrics and the Metamorphoses
- Goths
- Germanic tribe made up of the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths who threatened invasion to the empire
- Gaius Marius
- a Roman general who was elected consul in 107 BC and brought many changes to the Roman political scene
- veto
- refuse to approve
- Diocletian
- emperor whose efforts slowed the Roman empires decline; he realized empire was too large for one person to manage so he appointed co-emperor and two assistants
- plebians
- mostly farmers and workers who made up most of the population; had few rights
- equites
- class of business people and landowners
- Virgil
- greatest of Roman poets, wrote the epic poem the Aeniad
- Horace
- another Roman poet who wrote of human emotions in odes, satires, and epistles