Sociology Test #3
Terms
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- Class
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1. Fluid systems (not established by legal or religious provisions, no clear cut boundaries)
2. Class positions are in some part achieved
3.Class is economically based
4.They are large scale and impersonal - Income
- wages and salaries earned from paid occupations, plus money earned from investments.
- Life Chances
- Oppurtunity you have for achieving economic prosperity
- Lower Class
- Work part time or not at all, around 15%, < $15,000.
- Power
- Individuals ability to achieve aims or further the interests they hold
- Social Mobility
- Movement of individuals or groups between different social positions
- Social Stratification
- Existence of structured inequalities among different groups in society
- Surplus Value
- Value of workers labor power, left over when employwer has repaid the cost of hiring the worker
- Taylorism
- "scientific management", involving simple, coorinated operations in industry
- Upper Class
- > $140,000, 5%, etc.
- Wealth
- All assets individual owns, saving and checking account, stocks and bonds,
- Working class
- Blue/Pink Collar, manual occupations
- Colonialism
- Process whereby western nations established their rule in parts of the world away from their home territories
- Dependency Theories
- Marxist theries of economic developement arguing that the poverty of low income countries stems from their exploitation by wealthy countries
- Global inequality
- Systematic differences in wealth and power that exist between countries
- Market-Oriented Theories
- assume that the best possible economic consequences will result if individuals are free, unihibited by government restrant
- Modernization Theory
- low income societies can develope economically only if they give up their traditional ways and adopt modern economic institutions
- Black Feminism
- concentrates on particular problems facing black women
- Gender Socialization
- the learning of gender roles with the help of social agency's
- Human Capital Theory
- argument that individuals make investments in their own human capital, more schooling, training, etc. to get better jobs
- Patriarchy
- Male dominance in society
- Radical Feminism
- Men are responsible for and benefit from exploitation of women
- Social Construction of Gender
- reject all biological bases for gender differences
- Assimilation
- New immigrant groups take over the attitudes and language of the dominant community
- Civil Rights Act
- 1964- idea of institution racism, rodney king, amidou diallo
- Discrimination
- Actual BEHAVIOR toward another group
- Emigration
- process by which people leave a country to settle another
- Ethnicity
- cultural practices and outlooks of a given communty that have emerged historically and tend to set people apart
- Immigration
- Movement of people into a country to settle
- Institutional Racism
- pervades all of society's structures in a systematic manner, health care facilities, police, etc. favor one group or discriminate against certian groups
- Pluralism
- ethnic groups exist seperatley and participate in economic and political life
- Prejudice
- opinions or ATTITUDES
- Situational Ethnicity
- groups hide or flaunt (couldn't think of a better word), their ethnic identity depending on situation, whether it will be helpful or hurtful
- Sybolic Ethnicity
- Ethnic identity that is retained only for symbolic importance