Earth Science midterm flashcards
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- What are the steps in the scientific method?
-
State the problem
Make a hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Gather/ record data
Graph data - Define independent variable
- the variable you change
- dependent variable-
- the variable that responds to the change
- repeated trials-
- repeating the tests to see if you have the same results
- Constants-
- the things you keep the same throughout the experiment
- Control-
- the normal
- Hypothesis-
- an educated guess or prediction about relationship between the variables
- what are The layers of the atmosphere?
- Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere
- Which layer is where meteorite burn up?
- Mesosphere
- Which layer does weather occur?
- Troposphere
- Which layer are satelites deployed in?
- Exosphere (upper thermosphere)
- Which atmospheric layer is the coldest?
- Mesosphere/ troposphere
- Which atmospheric layer is the warmest?
- Thermosphere
- Which layer is the jet stream found in?
- Stratosphere
- Which layer is the ozone layer in?
- Stratosphere
- Describe maritime tropical and where it comes from.
- Wet, warm- Gulf of Mexico
- Describe maritime polar and where it comes from.
- Wet, cold- Coast of Alaska
- Describe continental polar and where it comes from.
- Dry, cold- Canada
- Describe continental tropical and where it comes from.
- Dry, warm- Mexico
- What line connects points of equal pressure?
- Isobar
- What line connects points of equal temperature?
- Isotherm
- What are the three types of energy transfer?
- Conduction, convection, radiation
- What are the three basic cloud types?
- Cirrus, Cumulus, Stratus
- What does a barometer measure?
- Air pressure
- What does a thermometer measure?
- Temperature
- What does a psychrometer measure?
- Water vapor
- What does a triple beam balance measure?
- Mass
- What does a rain gauge measure?
- Amount of rain
- What does a anemometer measure?
- How fast the winds are moving
- What are the three waves
- L waves, P waves, S waves
- What is a convergent boundary?
- when one plate slides under the other
- Transform boundary
- when plates slide past each other
- Divergent boundary
- when plates move apart from each other
- what are the layers of the earth?
- core, mantle, crust
- what are the 2 most abundant elements in the core
- nickel, iron
- what are the most abundant elements in the crust?
- silicon, oxygen
- what is a lateral fault?
- when plates move past each other (shearing)
- what is a Normal fault
- the hanging wall moves downwards (compression).
- what is a reverse fault?
- Reverse is when the hanging wall moves upwards on the foot wall (compression)
- what is a thrust fault?
- is when one plate moves on top of the other (compression)
- rock cycle
- the continual process by which a new rock is formed from old rock material
- Color
- the least useful way to identify a mineral
- specific gravity
- the density a mineral has
- luster
- the way light reflects off a mineral
- hardness
- resistance a mineral has to being scratched
- streak
- the color a mineral leaves on a porcelain tile
- fracture
- when a mineral breaks with a jagged edge
- cleavage
- when a mineral breaks on a straight line
- 1 on Moh's hardness scale
- 1- Talc
- 2 on hardness scale
- 2- Gypsum
- 3 on hardness scale
- 3- Calcite
- 4 on hardness scale
- 4- Fluorite
- 5 on hardness scale
- 5- Apatite
- 6 on hardness scale
- 6-Feldspar
- 7 on hardness scale
- 7-Quartz
- 8 on hardness scale
- 8-Topaz
- 9 on hardness scale
- 9-Corrundum
- 10 on hardness scale
- 10-Diamond
- special property of sulfur
- smells distinctly
- special property of halite
- tastes salty