chapter 14 convergent plate boundaries not covered 2006
Terms
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- accretionary wedge, p 424
- a large wedge-shaped mass of sediment accumulating above subduction zones. Here sediment is scraped from the descending oceanic plate and accreted to the overriding crustal block
- Andean-type plate margins, p 422
- a plate boundary the generates continental volcanic arcs because of subduction. see figure 14.7 on p.423
- backarc basin, p 420
- The region between an island arc and the continental mainland, commonly with at least some oceanic crust on its floor.
- compressional mountians, p 425
- the major type of mountain belts seen on earth. Generated by horizontal forces shortening and thickening crustal material by means of folding and thrust faulting.
- continental volcanic arc, p 419
- A belt of volcanic mountains on the continental mainland that lie above a subduction zone. Compare with island arc .
- fault-block mountains, p 435
- a mountain formed by the displacement of rock along a fault.
- fold-and-thrust belts, p. 426
- Mountains, characterized by extensive folding and thrust faulting, that form at convergent plate boundaries on continents.
- forearc basin, p. 425
- omit
- gravitational collapse, p 437
- omit
- island arcs, p 419
- A curved belt of volcanic islands lying above a subduction zone. Compare with continental arcs.
- isostacy, p 437
- The condition of equilibrium, comparable to floating, of units of the lithosphere above the asthenosphere.
- isostatic adjustment, p 437
- compensation of the lithosphere when weight is added or removed. When weight is added, the lithosphere subsides; when weight is removed the lithosphere uplifts.
- microcontinent, p 431
- A fragment of the lithosphere, smaller than a plate, that forms a portion of an accreted terrane margin.
- orogenesis, p 417
- The process of mountain building.
- passive margin, p 422
- this is NOT a plate margin, but rather the margin of a continent. Because these types of continental margins are not associated with PLATE margins, they're inactive volcanically and seismically.
- suture, p 426
- The line of juncture where continental rocks on two converging plates meet. Example: The region in the Himalayas where the Eurasian and Indian-Australian plates meet.
- terrane, p 431
- A fragment of the lithosphere, smaller than a plate, that forms a portion of an accreted terrane margin.
- volcanic island arc, p 419
- a chain of volcanic islands generally located a few hundred kilometers from a trench were there is active subduction of the oceanic plate.