Music 5A Chapter 6
Terms
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- The distnce in pitch between two notes; measured in terms of size and quality`
- Interval
- The distance in pitch between two notes as determined by their pitch height (position on the musical staff). Measured by taking the number of steps between notes and adding one (C4 to E4 and C4 to Eb4 are both thirds). Accidental disregarded
- Interval size
- Designation of augmented, diminished, minor, major, perfect or cmpound that describes the distance between two notes based on the interval size and number of semitones (e.g. C4 to E4 is major third; C4 to Eb4 is minor third). Accidentals important part o
- Interval quality
- The distance inpitch between two simultaneously sounding notes. Also known as a vertical interval
- Harmonic interval
- The distance in pitch between two consecutively sounding notes. Also known as horizontal interval
- Melodic interval
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is on the same space or line as the first note (e.g. C4 to C4)
- Unison
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is a single diatonic step above or below the first note (e.g. C4 to D4, C4 to B3). space-line or line-space
- Second
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is two diatonic steps above/below the first note (e.g. C4 to E4, C4 to A3). space-space or line-line
- Third
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is three diatonic steps above/below the first note (C4 to F4, C4 to G3). space-line or line space
- Fourth
- Two notes with a pitch distanc esuch that the second note is three whole tones - or the enharmonic equivalence of three whole tones - above or below the first note (e.g. C4 to F#4, C4 to Gb3)
- Tritone
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is four steps above or below the first note (e.g. C4 to G4, C4 to F3)
- Fifth
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is four steps above or below the first note (e.g. C4 to A4, C4 to E3)
- Sixth
- Two notes with a pitch distance such that the second note is six steps above/below the first note (e.g. C4 to B4, C4 o D4)
- Seventh
- Any interval smaller than an octave
- Simple interval
- Any interval larger than an octave
- Compound interval
- Any interval that appears in the context of a key signature w/o accidentals
- Natural interval
- For certain natural intervals that can be in one of two sizes (second, third, sixth and seventh), the larger of the two natural intervals
- Major interval
- For certain natural intervals that can be in one of two sizes (second, third, sixth and seventh), the smaller of the two natural intervals)
- Minor interval
- Certain natural intervals that have a pure, "consonant" sound (unison, fourth, fifth and octave).
- Perfect interval
- The compression of minor or perfect inerval size (except the unison) by one chormatic semitone)
- Diminshed interval
- The expansion of major or perfect interval size by one chromatic semitone.
- Augmented interval
- Two intervals that contain the same number of semitones but are spelled differently (i.e. with different pitch names)
- Enharmonic intervals
- The reversal of two notes in an interval such that the top note becomes the bottom and the bottom becomes the top. Can be created by either raising the bottom note by one octave or lowering the top note by one octave
- Interval inversion
- All pitche intervals that can be made from the pair of pitch classes or transpositions of these pitch classes.
- Interval class
- A characteristic of a scale by which all possible intervals - allowing for enharmonic equivalents - that are possible w/n the octave can be determined btwn the various scale degrees. For the chromatic scale, there are 12 possible intervals w/n the octave
- Intervallic completeness
- A perceptual quality of harmonic intervals whereby their combined sonority is considered to have a high degree of blend, sound smooth and be relatively stable. Depends on factors, including music stye, context and psychophysics
- Consonance
- A perceptual quality of harmonic intervals whereby their combined sonority is considered to not blend, sound rough and be relatively unstable.
- Dissonance
- A frequency range over which acoustic energy is integrated in the ear. Simultaneously sounding tones w/frequency components that fall w/n ______ sound rough and dissonant. This is why a major thir dplayed in the bass range of the piano doesn't sound cons
- Critical bandwidth
- Semitone size: 0
- PU
- Semitone size: 2
- M2
- Semitone size: 4
- M3
- Semitone size: 5
- P4
- Semitone size: 7
- P5
- Semitone size: 9
- M6
- Semitone size: 11
- M7
- Semitone size: 12
- P8