US2 Chap 20-21
Terms
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- Wilson's Program for World Peace. (5 points) League of Nations
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1. no secret treaties
2. freedom of the seas
3. world disarmament
4. removal of all tariffs worldwide
5. the right of all nations to choose their own form of government called self-determination - Big Four
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1. David George of England
2. Georges Clemenceau of France
3. Vittorio Orlando of Italy
4. Woodrow Wilson of the US - Senator Henry Cabot Lodge
- Chief opponent of the League of Nations, did not like article 10, Treaty was rejected twice.
- Governor Calvin Coolidge
- Gained national fame for sending in the national guard to stop the action of the Boston Police strikers.
- injunction
- court order ordering workers back to work
- Red Scare
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Still under the Espionage Act. By the 1920's, the Americans became alarmed at the widespread violation of civil rights.
ie: Attorney General-A. Mitchell Palmer had his federal agents arrest radical agitators - Sacco & Vanzetti
- Trial that showed how these two were victims of fear and predjudice
- new KKK
- against blacks, jews, catholics, foreigners, and and "un-Americans"
- Volstead Act
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defined an alcoholic beverage as any containing more than 1 half of 1% alcohol.
Biggest problem was controlling it. - 18th Amendment Reasons
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1. Anti-Saloon League was very organized from 1900-1919
2. The Women's Temprance Union was organized with people like Carrie Nation
3. US entry into WWI had the slogan, "the only good soldier is a sober soldier", including defense workers - Bootlegging
- smuggling, major problem in the US because of Prohibition.
- Mafia
- rise of organized crime became highly proficient at the art of breaking the law by bootlegging (ie. Al Capone)
- Election of 1920
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first election with women voters (19th Amendment-women suffrage)
R-Warren G Harding from Ohio vs. Calvin Coolidge of Mass.
D-James Cox of Ohio vs, FDR of New York
Socialist Party-Eugene Debbs - Warren Harding
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Wins election because
1. Americans blamed bad times on the Democrats
2. campaign slogan was his "return to normalcy" - Ohio Gang
- group of self-seeking politicians from Ohio from Washington, given government jobs by Harding
- Daugherty
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Ohio Gang member, appointed Attorney General
investigated for protecting his friends that violated the 18th Amendment - Forbes
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hes of the Veteran's Bureau
investigated for taking $250 mil i bribes, resigned, went to trial, convicted and sent to jail - Albert Fall
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Ohio Gang member, Sec. of the Interior, persuaded Sec. of the Navy to transfer naval oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, Cali
lands released to private oil dealers
convicted of bribery and sentenced to one year in jail
First Pres Cab Exec to go to jail - Death Of Harding
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1. Brain hemorrhage
2. Food poisoning
3. Suicide due to scandals
4. Murdered by the "ohio gang"
5. Murdered by his wife because he was having an 'affair' - Election of 1924
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R- Calvin Coolidge vs. Charles Dawes
D-John Davis vs. Charles Bryan of Nebraska
Coolidge wins election - US Prosperity in 1920's
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1. Production was up
2. Income was up
3. Increase in the use of credit - Washington Conference
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3 Major Treaties
1. 5 Power Treaty
2. 4 Power Treaty
3. 9 Power Treaty
first successful disarment conference in US history - Kellogg-Briand Pact
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Sec. of State Frank Kellogg and French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand signed a pledge outlawing war
no way to enforce the act - Sigmund Freud
- famous psychologist
- Clarence Darrow
- defense attorney in the Scopes "Monkey" trial
- Jack Dempsey
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heavyweight boxer
"manasa mauler" - Sinclair Lewis
- wrote "Main Street"
- Charles Lindbergh
- pilot, first solo flight across Atlantic
- Henry Ford
- Model T, first mass produced car
- Louis Armstrong
- king of jazz
- Al Capone
- chicago gangster nicknamed 'scarface'
- Al Jolson
- star of first talking film, "The Jazz Singer"
- Charles Chaplin
- famous silent film comedian
- F. Scott Fitzgerald
- wrote "The Side Of Paradise"
- "Red" Grange
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college football player
"the galloping ghost" - Babe Ruth
- 60 homeruns in 1927 for the NY Yankees
- Ernest Hemingway
- wrote "A Farewell To Arms"
- isolationism
- wanting to be left alone to pursue prosperity, favored by Europeans
- Charles Dawes
- american diplomat and banker who negotaites agreement with France, Britain, Germany
- Eugene Oneill
- one of the most innovative playwrights, bold artistry and modern themes, realistic characters and situations
- Bobby Jones
- best golfer of the decade
- KDKA in Pittsburg
- famous radio station, learned news of elections started 400 different stations in 2 years
- National Origins Act of 1924
- made immigration restriction a permanent policy
- flapper
- young,dramatic, stylish woman
- Scopes Trial
- challenged the act against teaching the Devine Creation as in the Bible, found guilty and fined 100$
- Harlem Renaissance
- Result of Great migration of flowering African-Americans
- Langston Hughes
- Most prolific, original, versatile writers of Harlem Renaissance who became leading voice
- Duke Ellington
- composer, pianist, bandleader, listened to ragtime piano players
- Bessie Smith
- emotional singing style & commanding voice symblozing soul, "empress of the south"