04- pathology: physical injuries
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Degree of tissue damage due to blunt force trauma is determined by these 3 things
-
1. rate of transfer of force
2. surface area where force is applied
3. area of body injured -
mechanical injury that produces focal hemorrhage - Contusion (bruise)
- Pooled blood within tissue
- hematoma
- In a contusion, macrophages change hemoglobin into ________ (blue --> yellow--> green)
- bilirubin
-
frictional force to epidermis or scraping of the epidermis causes hemorrhage in exposed dermal vessels - Abrasion
- Abrasion over large area = ?
- Brush Burn
- disruption of skin and underlying soft tissues or internal organs due to external force
- Laceration
- In a _______ injury, intact bridging blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue remain intact
- laceration
- Wound produced by a sharpened weapon
- Incised Wound
- Surface > Depth
- Incised wound
- Depth > Surface
- Stab wound
- Example of a 1st degree burn
- sunburn
- Explain 2nd degree burn
- "Partial-Thickness" dermal epithelial structures are spared. Blistering and destruction of the epidermis and slight damage to underlying dermis
- Explain 3rd degree burns
-
"Full-thickness" Dermal epithelial structures are entirely destroyed.
Skin Graft is required - ___% full-thickness body surface burns are potentially fatal
- 40%
- #1 cause of death due to thermal burns
- Infection, usually P. aeruginosa
- 4 Complications of Thermal Burns
-
1. Adult respiratory distress syndrome from inhalation of smoke or hot gases
2. Fluid loss
3. Infection
4. Contractures - Electrical Energy is converted to _______
- heat
- Electrical energy applied to skin causes __1__. It is a __2__ burn with __3__ margins. It disrupts the __4__ system. High voltage may cause __5__. Lightning produces a __6__ pattern.
-
1. cutaneous burn
2. punched-out
3. blackened
4. cardiac
5. charring
6. fern-like - __1__ current is more dangerous than __2__ current
-
1. alternating
2. direct -
Alternating current produces __1__.
Direct current produces a __2__. -
1. tetanic contractions
2. single shock - The size of pure lead balls that weigh one pound
- Gauge
- The entrance wound is usually __1__ and __2__ than the exit wound
-
1. smaller
2. rounder - Exit wounds are usually __1__ and have a __2__ shape
-
1. larger
2. stellate - Ring of dirt on the clothing
- Bullet wipe
- Entrance wounds have a round perforation on the skin with a ________
- abrasion collar
- Stellate-shaped containing powder and soot
- Contact wound
- Long range wounds cause no _______ and have no ______
-
powder tattooing (stippling)
Abrasion collar - Bullets that tend to always fragment
- Rifle