Key Terms Chapter 5
Terms
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- photosynthesis
- process by which organisms use light energy to produce organic compounds
- autotroph
- organism that obtains energy from sunlight or inorganic substances
- heterotroph
- organism with both testes and ovaries
- cellular respiration
- process by which living organisms harvest the energy in food molecules
- pigment
- molecule that absorbs certain wavelengths of light
- chlorophyll
- pigment responsible for trapping light energy in photosynthesis
- carotenoid
- yellow and orange plant pigments that aid in photosynthesis
- thylakoid
- internal membrane-bound sac of a chloroplast
- electron transport chain
- series of molecules through which electrons are passed to make ATP
- NADPH
- electron carriers that provides high-energy electrons for photosynthesis
- carbon dioxide fixation
- process by which carbon dioxide is incorporated into organic compounds
- Calvin cycle
- common method of carbon dioxide fixation in photosynthesis
- aerobic
- term for processes that require oxygen
- anaerobic
- term for processes that do not require oxygen
- glycolysis
- biochemical pathway that breaks down glucose to pyruvate
- NADH
- carrier that stores energy used to make ATP
- Krebs cycle
- cyclic biochemical pathway of cellular respiration that uses carbon dioxide and produces ATP, NADH, and FADH2
- FADH2
- electron carrier produced during the Krebs cycle
- fermentation
- anaerobic process of cellular respiration that recycles AND+ needed to continue glycolysis